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Organic Chemistry

Organic Chemistry. Inorganic. Organic. What is Organic chemistry?. Historical “Organic” – derived from living organisms Compounds such as sugar, urea, starch Vitalism: natural products needed a “VitalForce” to create them Wöhler (1828) synthesis of urea. Organic Chemistry Today.

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Organic Chemistry

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  1. Organic Chemistry

  2. Inorganic Organic What is Organic chemistry? • Historical • “Organic” – derived from living organisms • Compounds such as sugar, urea, starch • Vitalism: natural products needed a “VitalForce” to create them • Wöhler (1828) synthesis of urea

  3. Organic Chemistry Today • Organic Chemistry: • The study of compounds and reactions involving carbon, regardless of source(Kekulé, 1861) • Organic Chemistry: The chemistry of carbon • and carbon-based compounds

  4. Why should we care? • Biochemistry • Pharmaceuticals • Industry • Polymers • Explosives

  5. Organic Chemistry in everyday life: Smells & tastes: fruits, chocolate, fish, mint Medications:Aspirin, Tylenol, Decongestants, Sedatives Addictive substances: Caffeine, Nicotine, Alcohol, Narcotics Hormones/Neurotransmitters: Adrenaline, Epinephrine Food/Nutrients: Carbohydrates, Protein, Fat, Vitamins Genetics: DNA, RNA Consumer products: Plastics, Nylon, Rayon, Polyester

  6. Organic Molecules

  7. the brain dopamine

  8. dopamine transporter tyrosine l-dopa dopamine vesicles postsynaptic receptor presynaptic receptor synapse Synaptic neurotransmission Dopamine neuron Target Neurons terminal dendrite axon cell body

  9. Dopamine a neurotransmitterpresent in the brain a space filling model

  10. nitrogen hydrogen oxygen Dopamine a neurotransmitterpresent in the brain carbon a ball and stick model

  11. Dopamine

  12. Dopamine. Dash Molecular formula two lines = 4 electrons one line = 2 electrons Condensed molecular formula = C8H11NO2

  13. Dopamine. Line-Angle Molecular formula all nodes are carbonadd hydrogens until there are 4 bonds to each carbon atom

  14. Both structures represent the molecule dopamine but the bottom structure is simpler to draw.

  15. Link->

  16. Chemical Formulae • Empirical formula • Smallest integer ratio between atoms of different types in a molecule. • Molecular formula • Actual number of atoms of each type in a molecule. • Example: • Ethene (C2H4) and cyclohexane (C6H12) both have the empirical formula (CH2)

  17. Ibuprofen is the active ingredient in a number of analgesics. The structure of ibuprofen is given below. What is the molecular formula of ibuprofen? C H O2

  18. Ibuprofen is the active ingredient in a number of analgesics. The structure of ibuprofen is given below. What is the molecular formula of ibuprofen? C H O2 13

  19. Ibuprofen is the active ingredient in a number of analgesics. The structure of ibuprofen is given below. What is the molecular formula of ibuprofen? C H O2 13

  20. Ibuprofen is the active ingredient in a number of analgesics. The structure of ibuprofen is given below. What is the molecular formula of ibuprofen? C H O2 18 13

  21. Ibuprofen is the active ingredient in a number of analgesics. The structure of ibuprofen is given below. What is the molecular formula of ibuprofen? C H O2 18 13

  22. The three dimensional nature of molecules, such as ibuprofen, is fundamental to all of their properties including biological behavior. C H O2 18 13

  23. Bonding and Molecular Structure Structural formulas of organic compounds structural formula condensed formula line-angle formula

  24. Draw the first two compounds in a bond-line formula. Draw the second two compounds in a condensed formula.

  25. Draw the first two compounds in a bond-line formula. Draw the second two compounds in a condensed formula. Click on the arrow to check your answer.

  26. Petroleum products Petroleum products and the ranges of hydrocarbons in each product

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