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A Categorization of Contextual Constraints

This paper explores the various definitions of context and introduces the notion of "contextual constraints" as a structured set of external variables that influence cognitive processes. By categorizing these constraints, we enhance the understanding of knowledge representation and reasoning, aiding the development of embodied agents. The paper discusses practical applications such as maintaining large knowledge bases, context-based knowledge acquisition, and belief space management. It emphasizes the significance of internal and external constraints across multiple fields, including linguistics, human-computer interaction, and cognitive psychology.

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A Categorization of Contextual Constraints

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  1. A Categorization of Contextual Constraints Michael Kandefer and Stuart C. Shapiro University at Buffalo Department of Computer Science and Engineering Center for Multisource Information Fusion Center for Cognitive Science {mwk3,shapiro}@cse.buffalo.edu

  2. Introduction • Context has had various definitions • Context: “the structured set of variable external constraints to some (real or artificial) cognitive process that influence the behavior of that process in the agent(s) under consideration.” • An element of the set will be considered a “contextual constraint”. • Categorizing these constraints adds structure • Aids in developing embodied agents

  3. Motivating Uses for Embodied KRR • Contextual Knowledge-base partitioning • Maintaining Large-scale knowledge bases • Construct smaller belief spaces indexed on contextual constraints • e.g., Cyc “micro theories” • Contextual Knowledge Acquisition • Automated process for inserting new knowledge into a belief space • Contextual Belief Space Swapping • Bringing relevant information to bear

  4. Contextual Constraints Categorization

  5. Contextual Constraints on Processes Field: Linguistics Agent/Device: Human Process: Utterance Interpretation Constraints: Environment, Cotext Field: Human Computer Interaction (HCI) Agent/Device: PDA Process: Autobiographical construction Constraints: People, Informational, Events Field: Cognitive Psychology Agent/Device: Human Process: Recognition Constraints: Prior Knowledge, Intention Field: Knowledge Representation and Reasoning (KRR) Agent/Device: Embodied Reasoner Process: Knowledge Acquisition Constraints: Environment, Intentions, Imaginal

  6. Internal-External Distinction • Agent External: Constraints external to the agent, or device, performing the process. • Agent Internal: Constraints internal to the agent, or device, but external to the process Field: Linguistics Process: Contextual vocabulary Acquisition (CVA) Agent/Device: Human, automated reasoner Constraints: Agent Internal: Prior Knowledge Agent External: Books, Cotext

  7. External Constraints Field: HCI Agent/Device: PDA Process: Preference Learning Constraints: Informational: AvailablePrinters Person: User

  8. Internal Constraints Field: Cognitive Psychology Agent/Device: Human Process: Memory Recall Constraints: Intentions: Current goals Imaginal: Mental Reinstatement

  9. Conclusion

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