1. SO, 12/13 Orthoptera (Grasshoppers and Crickets)

3. Orthopterans all tend to have several traits • Enlarged hind legs • Big compound eyes (usually) • Large pronotum • If winged, • forewings are thin and leathery • Hind wings are broad and membranous • Usually have two cerci • Females often have large protruding ovipositor • Generally are herbivorous • Males often ‘chirp’ but in different ways

4. Very recognizable • Small (3/4th inch) • Pronotum extends backward • Otherwise look like ‘Grasshoppers’ • Unusual in that they may overwinter as adults • Eat algae, organic matter Tetrigidae: Pygmy Grasshoppers

5. These ARE ‘grasshoppers’ • Usually long forewings • Short antennae, often thicker • Have tympana • Pronotum does NOT extend backwards • Big pest for agriculture • Produce low buzzing sound by rubbing wings together Acrididae: ‘Short horned’ grasshoppers

6. Locusts are specific type of grasshoppers • On a year with lots of plants, grasshoppers multiply • Next year, there are too many grasshoppers • When crowded together, females hormones change • Next generation are bigger, and migrate • Eventually, when population spreads out again,grasshoppers return to normal What is a locust???

7. Very long and slender antennae (1:1) • Have tympana on foreleg tibia • Fairly large, katydids are usually green • There are a few carnivores in this group (remember?) • Most eat leaves though • Tend to have long forewings Tettigoniidae: Katydids, long horned Grasshoppers

8. Mormon cricket

9. Hump backed • Tan or grey • Long, threadlike antennae (1:1) • Do not produce sound • Do not usually have tympana • Usually wingless Gryllacrididae: Camel Crickets

10. Jerusalem cricket

11. Somewhat short/squat • Long tapering antennae (1:2) • Conspicuous cerci • Shorter forewings • Tympana on forelegs • Tree crickets are small • Green • Small heads Gryllidae: Crickets, tree crickets

12. Tree Cricket

13. Crickets that specialize in burrowing • Have enlarged digging forelegs • Forewings cover half abdomen • Hind wings are longer • Feed on plant roots • Have very large rounded pronotum Gryllotalpidae: Mole crickets