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The Nazi State and Terror:

The Nazi State and Terror: The Nazis used terror and repression to force Germans to follow Nazi ideas. Schutzstaffeln (“Guard Squadrons), known as the SS , originally started out as Hitler’s bodyguards. Leader of the SS was Heinrich Himmler .

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The Nazi State and Terror:

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  1. The Nazi State and Terror: • The Nazis used terror and repression to force Germans to follow Nazi ideas. • Schutzstaffeln (“Guard Squadrons), known as the SS, originally started out as Hitler’s bodyguards. • Leader of the SS was Heinrich Himmler. • SS controlled secret police forces (Gestapo) and regular police.

  2. Himmler with Hitler and other Nazis, c. 1925.

  3. SS tactics/beliefs: • Repression and murder, secret and criminal police, concentration camps. • In WW2 used execution squads and death camps. • Himmler’s chief goal of the SS was to further the Aryan master race.

  4. Economic Policies of Hitler: • Public works projects and money to private business to put people back to work. • Started a massive rearmament program in direct violation of the Treaty of Versailles. • Unemployment was 6 million in 1932, was less than 500,000 in 1937.

  5. Mass Demonstrations/Spectacles: • Held all over Germany to promote Hitler and the Nazis. • Most famous were the Nuremburg Rallies held every September.

  6. Organizations: • Churches, public education, and universities were brought under the control of the Nazis. • Nazi professional organizations were formed for civil servants, teachers, farmers, professionals, etc.

  7. The Hitler Youth: • Formed in 1926, all German males between 10-18 had to join. • Had to swear devotion and allegiance to the Nazis and Hitler. • Fostered military values and basic military training. • German girls had their own organization called the League of German Girls.

  8. “We are the joyous Hitler youth,We do not need any Christian virtueOur leader is our saviorThe Pope and Rabbi shall be goneWe want to be pagans once again.” - Song sung by Hitler youth

  9. Women and Nazism: • Women were expected to be wives and mothers to promote the Aryan race. • Women were to refrain from jobs in heavy industry and careers such as university teaching, medicine, and law. • Women should pursue careers such as social work and nursing.

  10. Anti-Semitic (Jewish) Policies: • Hitler hated Jews – Historians disagree where this hatred started or came from. • One theory is that Hitler’s time in Vienna, Austria before WWI led to his hatred – rejection to art school, being homeless, inability to find steady work. • The Nazis blamed the Jews for the Treaty of Versailles, inflation of the early 1920’s, and the Great Depression. (Scapegoats)

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