Substance Use and Abuse

1. PPL1O Substance Use and Abuse Any substance that, when taken into the body, will modify one or more of the body’s functions. (e.g. can an increase in heart rate). They may be legal (medicine, caffeine) or illegal (marijuana, cocaine), Definition:

2. Methods of Drug Administration Drugs can be taken in four ways: • Oral Ingestion - most common, convenient, slowest reaction • Injection - the drug is dissolved in liquid and injected (very rapid action) • Inhalation - as a powder or gas • Absorption - transdermal, chemical absorbs through skin (ie. Patch)

4. Overall Effects of drugs on the body • Drugs are chemical substances that change the way our bodies work. • They can be put into the body by swallowing, inhaling, or injection. • They enter the bloodstream and are transported to all the organs of your body (brain, liver, lungs).

5. Effects – con’t… • Drugs can be helpful or harmful. • Effects depend on the kind of drug taken, how much taken, how often it is taken. Body size, shape, and chemistry make a difference

6. Drug Use Continuum (p. 215) Using drugs for non-medical purposes always poses a degree of risk to the user. Risks can very from very low to very high. Harm can occur for first time users or addicts. We use the Continuum of Drug Use to categorize your potential risk of drug use and abuse.

8. How Can We Categorize Drugs?Types of Drugs…

9. 5 Types of Drugs 1. Stimulants • Amphetamines • Methamphetamine • Nicotine • Caffeine • Cocaine • Crack 2. Depressants • Barbiturates • Tranquilizers • Methaqualone 3. Hallucinogens • PCP • LSD • Mescaline 4. Narcotics • Morphine • Codeine • Heroin 5. Anabolic Steroids • Testosterone

10. 1. Stimulants • Excites or speeds up the CNS (central nervous system) • Increases alertness / energy level and decreases appetite. • It can produce a strong psychological and physical dependence • Includes: • Cocaine/Crack (coke, blow, nose candy) • Tobacco • Caffeine • Amphetamines (bennies, speed, uppers) • Nicotine

11. 2. Depressants • Slow down central nervous system • At low dose – calm, drowsy, well-being • At High dose – unconsciousness, coma, death • If mixed with alcohol-increases risk of overdose and death. • Includes: • Alcohol • Opiates (heroin, opium, morphine, codeine) • Inhalants (paint thinner, glue) • Sedatives (barbiturates-reds, goof balls, sleeping pills, rohypnol • Tranquillizers (valium, anti-anxiety medications, downers)

12. 3. Hallucinogens • Dramatically affect perception, emotions and mental process. • Distortions of reality • Have a high risk of overdose • Hallucinogens make emotions more intense. Skin feels tingly and heart rate increases. • Includes: • LSD (acid) • Ecstasy (X) • PCP (angel dust) • Magic Mushrooms (shrooms) • Ketamine (special K)

13. 4. Cannabis • Most widely used illegal drug • Acts on the body in many ways: hallucinogenic, depressant, stimulant • Includes: • Hashish • Hash oil • Marijuana

14. 5. Anabolic Steroids • Are Performance enhancing drugs • They increase the effects of naturally occurring hormones in the body • The use of steroids can seriously damage a person’s health and are banned by sports organizations. • Includes • Any synthetic testosterone or testosterone mimicker

15. Assignment #1 Substance Abuse Assignment. Go to My TeacherWeb and look under the ‘PPL1O’ for a copy of the assignment you are to complete.

16. PPL 1O Substance Abuse Assignment Rationale: In this assignment you will work with a partner and select a drug to research. You must inform your teacher on the drug you have chosen, as there will be no duplication of topics allowed. Both you and your partner must complete an equal amount of the work and share both parts of this assignment. Part 1: Once you have selected a particular drug you will answer the questions below. These are ‘guiding’ questions only, you may add to your presentation as you see fit. In fact, it is expected that you include other relevant information when conducting your research. Part 2: Once you have gathered your information you will create a powerpoint/prezi presentation on the topic you have chosen. View the examples I have listed below to help increase your knowledge on how to create a Prezi and some of its advantages. You will present your Prezi to your classmates in a brief and informative presentation on ????

17. 1. INFORMATION COLLECTION: • Locate the following information: • Name of Drug / Slang or street names • What is the history of this drug (origin)? • How does it enter the body / What type of drug is it? • How does it affect the body physically, mentally, emotionally? • What are the active ingredients? • What are the withdrawal symptoms? • Are there any medical uses (past or present)? • What are the dangers or harmful consequences of using this drug? • What are the Canadian laws regarding use of this drug? • How can a person quit using this drug (suggestions to stop)? • Statistics of usage (chart or graph) • You must use a minimum of 2 resources (either books, internet, video or other – please cite your work) • Here are some helpful websites to start your research: • www.health.org www.smoke-free.ca • www.nida.nih.gov www.dietitians.com/caffeine.html • www.druginfo.org/orgs/dsi www.healthcentral.com • www.canadian-health-network.ca www.kidshealth.org

18. 2. CREATE A PREZI • In part 2, you will view one or both of the sites below to learn how to create a Prezi presentation. Like a power point presentation, this is a tool that will make your presentations more interesting and interactive. It is the expectation that both members will contribute to the Prezi as well as gathering of information. • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dInC4zPbV6I • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GVJcOalE23E&list=PL09A34EF19596B7BB&index=1 • You should include pictures / charts or graphs in your prezi to complement the written information... NEATNESS and OVERALL APPEAL are crucial in getting your message and information across to the viewer. • Use of graphics in your presentation is strongly recommended. • Information should be current • Data/statistics needs to be cited • Please ensure that your work has been proof-read before presenting it • Practice/rehearse your role! Do not present the information as though you’ve never seen the material before – practice what you’ll be saying beforehand • You are the expert on this topic so be thorough!!!

19. Assignment #1 -In pairs, you will pick One-(1) illicit drug to research -Set up a PowerPoint/prezi with a minimum of six-(6) to eight-(8) slides that describes the following: -how your drug affects its user (ie. Causes drowsiness, alertness, hyperactivity…) what signs are there that a person is on this drug… -medical/physical consequences (ie. Vomitting, seizures, short term memory loss…) Short or long term health problems

20. -laws against it’s use (p. 224) -identify the major factors (e.g., environmental influences such as peer pressure, media influences, adolescent attitudes) that contribute to the use of your drug (p. 218) -identify the school and community resources involved in education, prevention, and treatment with respect to alcohol, tobacco, and other drugs -include graphics, pictures, charts, diagrams, or video’s… -Other...http://learn.genetics.utah.edu/content/addiction/abuse/

21. alcohol, tobacco, and other drugs

22. Assignment #2 – CLASS DEBATE TOPIC: Legalization of Marijuana FORMAT: Students will discuss/debate the pros and cons of legalization marijuana use in Canada. DATE: REQUIREMENTS: Students will prepare and hand in notes the day of the debate. The following day, students will submit a 1 page paper discussing their opinions with supporting evidence