bethany-ellison
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Foundations

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This text explores the intricate tapestry of migrations, cultural developments, and significant events that shaped the Americas and Europe, spanning from the ancient foundations of Indian cultures like the Moundbuilders and Anasazi to the transformative Renaissance. Key themes include the impact of European colonization, the rise of empires, warfare, and the Columbian Exchange, as well as the socio-political shifts during periods of religious reformation and conflict. The narrative illustrates how these diverse elements influenced the course of history across continents.

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Foundations

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Presentation Transcript

  1. Foundations The Americas and Europe

  2. Land Bridge (Beringia)

  3. Migration

  4. Significant Indian Cultures

  5. Moundbuilders

  6. Anasazi

  7. Cultural Regions

  8. Cultural Regions • Diversity • Political • Warfare • Impact on European colonial efforts • Divide and conquer

  9. Europe

  10. Renaissance • Cultural Rebirth • Reclaiming Roman legacy • Worldliness • “Immortality” • Science and Technology • Ship building, navigation • Map making

  11. Medieval v. Renaissance Art

  12. European Transitions During the Renaissance • Political • Feudalism to “New Monarchs” • Christendom to State • Social • From serfdom to peasant • Rise of Middle Class • Economic • Agriculture to trade and manufacturing

  13. Rise of Ottoman Empire • Legacy of Crusades • Religious warfare • Trade • Fall of Constantinople in 1453 • Trade routes

  14. Atlantic Voyages

  15. Christopher Columbus • Italian working for Portugal • Math error • Spain and the Americas

  16. Spanish Empire • Reconquista (711-1492) • God, glory, gold • Wealth • Encomienda • Impact on Europe • Treaty of Tordesillas (1494) • Wealth • Inflation • Rivalries

  17. Columbian Exchange

  18. Bartolomé de Las Casas • The Destruction of the Indies (1552) • Warfare • Disease (smallpox)

  19. Bartolomé de Las Casas • Labor • African slavery

  20. Slave Trade

  21. America • Amerigo Vespucci • 1507 map

  22. Reformation

  23. Reformation • Catholic • Protestant • Lutheran • Calvinist • Anglican (Church of England)

  24. Wars of Religion • Catholic v. Protestant • Spain • Defender of Catholicism • England • Defender of Protestantism (France, Netherlands)

  25. Spanish Armada 1588

  26. Europe in North America • Resource empires • Spain • Portugal • France • Netherlands • Resources and Settlement • England • Gold • Land for poor, refugees • Frontier • Inclusion • Exclusion

  27. New France and New Netherland

  28. New France and New Netherland • New France • Commercial • Quebec, Montreal • Religion • Indian alliances • New Netherland • Commercial • New Amsterdam , Fort Orange • Indian wars

  29. England and America • Transformations • Political • War of the Roses (1485) Henry Tudor • Henry VIII and Parliament • Elizabeth I • James I • English Civil War (1642-1660) • Glorious Revolution (1688)

  30. England and America • Transformations • Religion • Church of England • Mary I (Catholic restoration) • Marian Exiles (Calvinism: Puritans, Separatists) • Elizabeth I • Civil War and Glorious Revolution

  31. England and America • Transformations • Social • Enclosure movement (improvements in agriculture) • Rising populations • Rise of merchant/business class • Question of the poor • Poor Laws • “Undesirable”

  32. Spanish Armada 1588

  33. England and America • War with Spain • Sea Dogs • Slavers • Colonization and the Crown • Reasons • Resources • Bases • Roanoke (1585) • Croatoan

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