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Key Concept The crust is a layer of solid rock that includes both dry land and the ocean floor.

Key Concept The crust is a layer of solid rock that includes both dry land and the ocean floor. The Crust (page 128). The crust is a layer of rock that forms Earth’s outer skin. The crust is Earth’s thinnest layer. It is only 5 to 70 kilometers thick.

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Key Concept The crust is a layer of solid rock that includes both dry land and the ocean floor.

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  1. Key ConceptThe crust is a layer of solid rock that includes both dry land and the ocean floor. The Crust (page 128)

  2. The crust is a layer of rock that forms Earth’s outer skin.The crust is Earth’s thinnest layer. It is only 5 to 70 kilometers thick.

  3. The crust that makes up the ocean floors is called oceanic crust. Oceanic crust is made mostly of a rock called basalt (buh SAWLT).

  4. The crust that makes up the continents is called continental crust. Continental crust is made mostly of a rock called granite.

  5. Continental crust is thicker than oceanic crust.

  6. Earth’s outside layer is the____________________ Crust

  7. Basalt Continental Crust

  8. The Mantle (page 129)

  9. Key ConceptEarth’s mantle is made up of rock that is very hot, but solid. Scientists divide the mantle into layers based on the physical characteristics of those layers. Overall, the mantle is nearly 3,000 kilometers thick.

  10. The mantle is the layer below the crust. The mantle is Earth’s thickest layer. The mantle has three layers.

  11. The top layer of the mantle, along with the crust, is the lithosphere (LITH uh sfeer). The top layer of the mantle is hard rock.

  12. The middle layer of the mantle is the asthenosphere (as THEN uh sfeer). The middle layer is soft rock, like hot road tar.

  13. The bottom layer of the mantle is called the lower mantle. It is also hard rock.

  14. Circle the letter of each sentence that is true about the mantle. a. The mantle is the layer below the crust. b. The mantle is Earth’s thinnest layer. c. The lower mantle is made of hard rock.

  15. The top layer of the mantle is part of the _____________________ lithosphere

  16. The layer of the mantle that is made of soft rock is the___________________ asthenosphere

  17. The Core (pages 130–131)

  18. Key Concept: The core is made mostly of the metals iron and nickel. It consists of two parts—a liquid outer core and a solid inner core.

  19. The core is Earth’s inside layer. The core has two layers: the outer core and the inner core.

  20. The outer core is made of liquid metal. The liquid metal flows in currents.

  21. The currents make Earth act like a giant magnet, with north and south poles that attract iron.

  22. The inner core is made of solid metal. The inner core is solid because it is under so much pressure.

  23. Circle the letter of each sentence that is true about Earth’s core. a. The core is made mostly of iron and nickel. b. The core is Earth’s inside layer. c. The core is a giant magnet.

  24. Earth’s Core Consists of Outer core Inner Core Which is made up of Which is made up of Liquid metal Solid metal

  25. Is the following sentence true or false? Earth acts like a giant magnet because of currents in the outer core. TRUE

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