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The Road to the Constitution

The Road to the Constitution. “ The Sun Chair ”. During the Constitutional Convention, Ben Franklin often gazed at the back of this chair wondering if the sun was rising or setting…. They met in Philadelphia…. Congress said they could meet to “ revise ” the Articles…

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The Road to the Constitution

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  1. The Road to the Constitution

  2. “The Sun Chair” During the Constitutional Convention, Ben Franklin often gazed at the back of this chair wondering if the sun was rising or setting…

  3. They met in Philadelphia… • Congress said they could meet to “revise” the Articles… • The Virginia Plan: Intro. from the start. Set the course, drawn up by Federalists! • Main points: two chambered house w/much power and delegates based on population. • New Jersey Plan: called for a stronger Congress, but single chamber, & vote

  4. Independence Hall

  5. What were some significant compromises in building the Constitution? • The Great Compromise: bicameral Congress; House by population, Senators two per state. (AKA Conn.) House of Representatives Senate By Population 2 Per State

  6. The U.S. in 1787

  7. Other compromises: North-South Compromise, 3/5 Compromise (slavery) • What they were doing was not exactly legal! (It was NOT revision)

  8. The Ratification Struggle… • The Anti-Federalists were not happy. Most delegates were Federalists, in secret! Too powerful central govt! Wanted a revision! • Federalists respond with essays aimed at winning public support. (NY!)

  9. The Federalist Papers • Written by “Publius”? • Madison and Hamilton These authors were all, “Well-read, well bred, well-fed, and well-wed!” Reflected the interests of the propertied class. Civics: Federalist Papers Activity/Jigsaw

  10. Madison on Federalist #51 • The need for separation of powers

  11. Ultimately, this was needed… • The Bill of Rights! • Seen as a safeguard • What was the big deal? • Rights are inherent, or are they?

  12. What is the significance of the Bill of Rights?

  13. The Preamble of the Constitution

  14. The famous “faked” painting James Madison is known as the father of the Constitution. Can you spot him?

  15. Who were the major players in developing the Constitution?

  16. Major characteristics of the Constitution: • Limited Government: both grants and denials of power • Power to offset power such as… separation of powers • Also, institutions sharing power, known as checks and balances

  17. South Carolinian founders

  18. Adams and his influence with Checks and balances

  19. Does one branch outweigh another?

  20. Also… • The Bill of Rights: (know them) • Judicial review: came later! The power of the courts to declare laws and actions of the legislature “unconstitutional” • Federalism: division of political authority between nat. and state

  21. Judicial review • Marburyv. Madison(1803) • John Marshall, Chief Justice • He was a Federalist!

  22. A little about judicial review

  23. Providing for “Self Government” • Remember that “tyranny of majority”? • Democracy v. Republic • Went with limited popular rule (reps) • ex. The Electoral College

  24. Were the founders also influenced by Ancient Rome? AP Govt: Reading on Tocqueville & CP Six Basic Principles DVD Constitutional Concepts

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