Equine Clean Sport

1. Equine Clean Sport Manitoba Horse Council Brandon, Manitoba March 24-25 2019

2. TurningPointsession #:

3. This course is about: • Learning more • Meeting new friends • How good Yves looks • How to cheatbetter

4. Whatis good for ourhorses ?

5. Whatis good for ourhorses ?

6. Horses must behealthy to compete Fitness to compete • Not besick/ill • Not beinjured • Be in good body condition • No unfairadvantage • Doping • Medication

7. « Bradwell’s 5 Freedoms » Freedomfrom: Hunger and thirst(adequatefood and water) Discomfort(shelter and rest) To express normal behaviour(company, space) Fear and distress(mental anxiety) Pain and injury(diagnosis and treatment)

8. Equestrian sport competitions • Are dangerous for horses • Compromise Bradwells 5 freedoms • Allow for normal behaviour • Horses are always happy doingnothing

9. EquestrianCanada Medication control program The rules to control equine medications as set out herein are intended to guaranteefairness to all participants in events recognized and sanctioned by EC, to ensure the welfare of horses and to maintain public confidence in the fairnessof EC sanctioned competitions.

10. EC Medication Control Structure EMCC Equine Canada Medication Control Committee CPMA Canadian Para Mutual Agency Guidelines EC CEO Richard Mongeau EC Staff Coordinator: Shauna Curran-Cooper Director: John Garner Official Laboratory Maxxam, Burnaby, BC

11. EC MedicationControl documents EC General rules, chapter 10 EC Medication Control Guide CPMA Guidebook EC drug classification scheme EC Penalty table

12. CPMA Guidebook

13. EC Permittedmedications One non-steroidal anti-inflammatorydrug(licensed for use in horses in Canada): phenylbutazone, flunixinmeglumine, ketoprofen, acetylsalicyclicacid firoxocib by exception Joint Support medications PSGAGS Hyaluronic Acid Pentosan CHondroitin Glucosamine Altrogenest (Regumate) only in Mares Anti-ulcermedications: Cimetidine; Ranitidine; Omeprazole Antiparasiticproducts Antimicrobials including antibiotics (attention: procaine penicillin)

14. Maximal plasma concentration Phenylbutazone: 15.0 mcgr/ml 2 gr (10 ml) iv, 12 hrsbeforecompetition time, not more than 5 consecutivedays (500 kg horse) • Flunixin: • 1.0 mcgr/ml 500 mgr iv, 12 hrsbeforecompetition time, not more than 5 consecutivedays(500 kg) Ketoprofen: 0.25 mg/ml 2 mg/kg 454 kg [900 mgr max. daily dose for 500 kg horse (9.0 ml iv or im) not more than 5 consecutive days. Firocoxib 240 ng/ml 0.1 mg/kg of firocoxib (a 57 mg tablet for a 454 kg [1000 lb] horse) once per day. Not more than 14 consecutive days.

15. Prohibited Practice New for 2019 Exceptions Intra-venous rehydration fluids and antibiotics administered by a licensed veterinarian more than 6 hours prior to the start time of the class. Horses competing after 6 pm can be treated by injection until 10 am on the day they compete. The administration of any medication or substance by injection to a horse (including NSAIDs) is not permitted before competition on the day in which the horse competes, other than….

16. Specificdiscipline rules Endurance: NSAIDS are prohibited

17. Which one of the followingisprohibited at EC competitions ? • Altrenogest in mares (regumate) • Anyantibiotic • Phenylbutazone • Cortisone

18. Regarding NSAIDS: whichis false • Only one canbeusedduring EC competitions • Onlyproductslicensed by Canada canbeused • Cannotbeused in Endurance • Anyamountcanbeused at any time

19. Prohibitedsubtances If itis not specificallypermitted, itisprohibited Contrary to FEI and WADA: maintainlists of prohibited substances Anydrug not approved for use in Canada under the Food and Drug Act Anydruglistedunder the Narcotic Control Act or on Schedule G or H of the Food and Drug Act

20. Forbiddensubtances Any stimulant , depressant, tranquilizer, local anesthetic, drug or drugmetabolitewhichmight affect the performance of a horse except as expressly by theserules Any substance, regardless how harmless or innocousitmightbe in itself, whichmightinterferewith the detectionof…..

21. CAUTION …..are cautionedagainst the use of medicinalpreparations, tonics, pastes, feeds, supplements and products of anykind, the ingredients and quantitative analysis of which are not specificallyknown, as theymaycontain a forbidden substance

22. Emergency treatment «Provisions are made to allow a horse to compete if treatedwith a foreign substance to treat an acute illness or injury » « Continuedcompetition must not bedetrimental to the horse’swelfare or aggravate the condition »

23. Emergency treatment The following conditions must bemet • Therapeutic medication (not clipping, shipping) • Withdrawn for at least 24 hrs followingtreatment • Administration by a licensed veterinarian • Veterinary statement and/or EC Emergency Medication Form to steward/TD • Steward/TD file EC Equine Emergency Medication Form or Veterinary statement to EC Medications Committee • Any competition which is one day in duration is not eligible to the Emergency treatment program

24. Art.A1005: Emergency treatment • Veterinary report or form will contain: • Patient description (name, sex, colour, breed, passport and entry #) • Name of person responsible • Medication, dose and route of administration, date and time includinglast dose • Diagnosis and reason for admiminstration • Name and signature of veterinarian

25. Using an EC emergency Medication Formis possible in the following situation • To tranquilize a horse to ship to the show • To treat a horse withdexamethasone for hives • To treat a coughing horse because of heaves • To tranquilize a horse for a joint injection

26. Antidoping Control : 3 steps • Samplingprocess • (Equestrian Canada) • Random and Confidential • Selection of competitions • Selection of horses • Collection and shipping of samples Adjudication process In case of positive tests Administrative sanctions Hearingprocess Testingprocess Official laboratory: Maxxam CPMA Guidelines EMCC rules

27. Samplingprocess • EC Samplingtechnicians: appx 35, 1 – 7 by province • EC SamplingVeterinarians: 5 or more • EC samplingtechniciansrandomly select horses for testing • Any horse with a numbercanbetested • Focus is on horsesactively in competition • Urine or blood (veterinarians) samples • All samplessealed and shipped in locked containers overnight to the official laboratory

28. Samplingprocess CompetitionOrganisersresponsibilites Provide suitable facilities designated and used for the purpose of sample collection Collect on behalf of EC a prescribed testing (drug) fee for each horse that competes and remit to EC within 14 days ….such monies to be held….. in a separate fund for use in equine medications control and to support the activities of the Equine Canada Medication Control Committee….”

29. Testingprocess Forensic equine drug testing Providing testing services since 1969 Standards Council of Canada Accreditation for Forensic Equine Drug Testing Contract to test 100% of Canadian racetrack samples Test 100% of Equine Canada horse show samples Staff: 13 in testing lab, 4 in Research, 2 students in summer/fall Customers: The Canadian Pari-Mutuel Agency, Provincial Racing Commissions, Equine Canada, Horse Show Associations, Veterinarians –pre-purchase

30. Samples collection

31. Chain of custody documents Must bedocumented and traceable at all times Receiving log in Shipping Sample collection Analysis Person Responsible Reporting of Results Equestrian Canada

32. Chain of custody Documentedhistory of each sample must be treated as evidence Paper trails are required to document activities • SampleReceipt • Samples are received in secure containers • Shipping boxes opened by an Official Chemist • Contents checked against shipping form • Shipping form completed and signed to document receipt • Samples removed from the box for analysis • Sample log in • Samples are logged in to a custom computer program • The system generates a job number, a lab id number and a worksheet for each sample • The lab id numbers are printed on labels and attached to the samples • Critical steps in the testing process are documented on the worksheets

33. Forensic equine drug testing lab (photo Maxxam)

34. Liquid Chromatograph/Mass Spectrometer (photo Maxxam)

35. Automated ELISA system

36. Positive reports Screening test indicates the presence of a drug • Re-analysis of a second portion of the sample • Identification of drug through a Confirmation test (different method) Review of data by 2 official chemists Preparation of positive certificate and issue report to Regulators

37. Exceptions • “……Horses on competition grounds not entered in competition are exempt from random testing but could be subject to target testing under General Regulations Chapter 10.” Art 1006.2 “……may select for sample collection and testing any horse entered in any class at an EC-sanctioned competition, including any horse withdrawn by a competitor within 24 hours prior to a class for which it had been entered, while the horse is on the competition grounds. This selection may include a horse that experiences any adverse drug reaction (see 517.3). »

38. Person Responsible, Art 1011 The Person (s) Responsible is (are) the individuals responsible and accountable for the care, training, custody and performance of the horse. The Person(s) Responsible may be the trainer or may be an owner, rider, driver, agent or coach. The Person(s) Responsible must be an adult

39. Person Responsible: glossary PERSON(S) RESPONSIBLE: • Every entry form for an EC sanctioned competition must identify the PR and be signed by the PR. • The Person(s) responsible is ultimately responsible for the condition, fitness and management of the horse and is alone responsible for any act performed by himself/herself or by any other person with authorized access to the horse in the stables, elsewhere on the grounds, or while the horse is being ridden, driven or exercised. • A: For adult entries into EC sanctioned competitions the PR shall be either the trainer, the owner of the horse of the competitor who rides or drives the horse during the EC s • B: For Junior entries into EC sanctioned competitions the Junior competitor cannot be the PR. For Junior entries the PR may be either the trainer, the owner of the horse, or a parent/guardian of the Junior competitor.

40. Regardingtesting of EC samples: whatstatementis correct • EC samples are tested at variouslabs in each province • A positive test must beconfirmed by twochemists • Any horse not entered in competition at a competition venue is exempt frombeingtested • The Person Responsiblecanonlybe the rider/driver of the horse

41. Violations When a certificate of positive analysis is received from the official laboratory: • The nature and category of the offense will be determined by the EC drug classification scheme and the EC penalty table The PR will be offered the option to accept an administrative penalty or to hold a hearing in accordance with the EC Dispute Resolution Policy

42. Violations • Hearingprocess • If the PR requests a hearing ($750 fee) • EC willname a 3 memberhearing panel • Panel will • Hear the evidence and the PR representation • Issue penalties according to EC penalty table and to Hearingprocess guide Administrative penalty If the PR accepts, a predetermined and reduced fine and suspension period are issued without the right to a hearing

43. Definitions • Thresholdlevel • Withdrawal time • Limit of detection

44. Threshold level: Some substances are naturally present in horses or in their daily, environment (feed and bedding). For those, a normal level has to bedetermined If the horse tests belowthislevel, the samplewillbenegative If the levelisabove, itwillbe positive Examples: caffeine, bicarbonates, salicylates, GABA

45. Elimination Guideline: Time after administration at which a sample taken from an individual would not produce an adverse certificate of analysis (for most horses). The elimination guidelines are found in the CPMA Elimination Guide and are found for most substances licensed for use in horses in Canada The elimination guideline is what veterinarians and competitors should use to avoid positive tests.

46. Limit of detection (LOD): Minimal quantity of a substance that can be detected with a stated confidence level. Reflects the technology used and is not made public by the testing laboratories. Most laboratories can now analyse to picogram levels (10-12 gr)

47. Update on the EC medication rules: • CPMA guidelines waspublished in 2018 with new Elimination Guidelines for: • Corticosteroids • Anabolicsteroids • Isoxuprine • Clenbuterol

48. Update on EC medicationrules 2019 EC rule changes CPMA elimination guideline changes Upcoming 2019 Aug 2018 Additions May 2018 Elimination guidelines for biphosphonates • Prohibited practice: « 12 hourrule » • Biphosphonates: 30 dayeliminationperiod • Medroxyprogesterone: class 5 infraction

49. Products that test for a long time Intra-muscularPenicillin Can produce a positive test for 425 hrs (18 days becauseof the procaine(local anesthetic) Anabolicsteroids May test for at least 120 days Medroxyprogesterone (Depoprovera): severalmonths

50. Attention: products not licensed for veterinary use in horses in Canada Will produce positive tests • Diclofenac (Surpass, Voltaren, Pennsaid) • Meloxicam (Metacam)