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Understanding Osmoregulation and Hormonal Control: The Role of ADH in Kidney Function

This lesson explores the concepts of homeostasis, focusing on osmoregulation and the hormonal control of kidneys through Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH). We will review vocabulary using a keyword game, delve into homeostasis assignments, and engage in a kidney dissection lab. Discover how the hypothalamus, as the center of the endocrine system, regulates water absorption from the kidneys, the mechanics of negative feedback loops, and how various factors influence ADH's effectiveness. Essential for understanding bodily functions and maintaining fluid balance.

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Understanding Osmoregulation and Hormonal Control: The Role of ADH in Kidney Function

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Presentation Transcript

  1. Today’s Objectives • Review Vocabulary with Keyword Game • Review Homeostasis WS #4 • Intro to Hormonal Control and ADH • Work through Homeostasis WS #5 (homework if we run out of time) • 2nd Period, Kidney Dissection Lab

  2. ADH and Osmoregulation

  3. Homeostatic Control of Kidneys • What percent water is absorbed back into blood? • About 99%; 1% leaves as urine • Vary with external factors • What kind of system works best for regulating around a set point? • Negative feedback loop • How does this loop work? • Receptor gets input, it is compared to a set point, Effector causes a response that drives towards the set point • Loop shuts itself off

  4. Osmoregulation • Negative feedback loop the regulates water absorptionby kidneys • Receptor? • Hypothalamus; center of Endocrine system • Input? • Amount of H2O in blood • Effector? • Pituitary gland and Collecting Ducts • Response? • Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH) • 9 Amino acids long; highly soluble and breaks down quickly

  5. ADH and Dehydration • Running outside all day and you don’t drink enough water. What does your brain do? • Hypothalamus triggers release of ADH • ADH travels through blood and diffuses into the epithelial cells of the collecting ducts • How can we absorb more water into the blood? • Increase osmotic rate; make ducts more permeable • add more aquaporins (proteins channels for water)

  6. ADH and Dehydration • ADH diffuses into duct cells • Chain reactions causes release of pre-made vesiclesfull of aquaporins • Vesicles fuse with plasma membrane on the inside of the duct • Osmotic rates increase and blood absorbs more water • Urine becomes more concentrated

  7. Where is the Negative Feedback? • ADH raised are water absorption rates, but we are still losing water: • Exhaling H2O • Sweating • Some still lost in urine • How does ADH get us back to normal? • If absorption rate is enough, ADH production stopsand degrades over time (half-life of 20 minutes) • If it is not enough, build of ADH causes “thirst”

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