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Advanced Fluorescence Measurement Techniques at SLAC T461: A Collaborative Study

This document outlines the collaborative study conducted at the SLAC Linear Accelerator Center (T461) involving contributions from multiple universities. The complex setup features a 28.5 GeV electron beam, precision beam control, and state-of-the-art measurement techniques to assess fluorescence decay times in nitrogen. Key results showcase a beam stability of ~2% and detailed PMT stability measurements. Essential for the advancement of particle astrophysics and related fields, this study demonstrates innovative approaches and a strong interdisciplinary partnership.

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Advanced Fluorescence Measurement Techniques at SLAC T461: A Collaborative Study

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  1. SLAC Fluorescence Measurement Test Run (T461) Kevin Reil

  2. T461 – Collaboration J. Belz1, Z. Cao2, P. Chen3*, C. Field3, P. Huentemeyer2, W-Y. P. Hwang4, R. Iverson3, C.C.H. Jui2, T. Kamae3, G.-L. Lin4, E.C. Loh2, K. Martens2, J.N. Matthews2, W.R. Nelson3, J.S.T. Ng3, A. Odian3, K. Reil3, J.D. Smith2, P. Sokolsky2*, R.W. Springer2, S.B. Thomas2, G.B. Thomson5, D. Walz3 1University of Montana, Missoula, Montana 2University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 3Stanford Linear Accelerator Center, Stanford University, CA 4Center for Cosmology and Particle Astrophysics (CosPA), Taiwan 5Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey

  3. The SLAC LINAC The SLAC Accelerator: 3 km long with a klystron approx every 13 m. Delivers up to 50 GeV of e- or e+. Beam Switchyard: T461 located in the FFTB

  4. The FFTB A 28.5 GeV e- beam is delivered to the FFTB. At the final focus beam cross section is 1 m wide and < 0.1 m high. At T461 location beam is mm scale. Pulse length is pico-second scale. Energy spread is 0.1%. Repetition rate is 10 Hz (occasionally 1 Hz and 30 Hz).

  5. T461 Setup Setup shielded by lead wall. Beam Current Toroid Upstream. Beam Direction

  6. T461 Setup LED Beam passes into an air chamber. Chamber included 4 ports. Two PMT ports and two LED ports for stability tracking. Two additional “blind” PMTs. PMT

  7. T461 Setup LEDs PMTs

  8. T461 Setup LEDs Beam Gas Flow PMT

  9. T461 Gas System Vacuum Reservoir Pure N2. Dry Air. Ethelyne.

  10. T461 PMT Stability (2.2%).

  11. T461 PMT Stability (2.2%).

  12. T461 HV Stability (0.04%). PMTGAIN=eV With 6.

  13. T461 Beam Stability (~2%) x 1010 e-

  14. T461 Data Acquisition Signal Cables ADC Board Trigger Logic

  15. N2 Decay Time Measurement

  16. N2 Decay Time Measurement

  17. N2 Decay Time Measurement

  18. N2 Decay Time Measurement

  19. N2 (in air) Decay Time Measurement

  20. N2 Decay Time Measurement

  21. T461 Preliminary Results

  22. Klystron Each klystron is 65 megawatts and operates at 120 Hz. Electron gun produces electron flow. Bunching cavity regulates electron flow. Electron bunches excite microwaves at output cavity. Waveguide carries microwaves to accelerator. Electrons absorbed in beam stop.

  23. Two Mile Accelerator

  24. Straight Shot Into the FFTB

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