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During the last Ice Age, much of Canada was covered in glacial ice, leading to a dramatic drop in sea levels that created Beringia, a vast land corridor. This 1000 km plain allowed hunters to follow herds of herbivores like camels, bison, and giant beavers. Artifacts discovered in the region bear similarities to those from Northeast Asia, supporting the Beringia Theory. However, critics question the viability of this route for human survival and propose an alternative Coastal Route Theory, where hunters migrated along the west coast, utilizing watercraft for fishing and gathering.
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Beringia Theory (p. 6) • During last ice age, almost all of Canada covered by glacial ice. • Sea levels dropped • Created a plain 1000 km wide (Bering Sea) • Corridor called Beringia where hunters followed herbivores such as camels, bison, sloth and giant beavers.
Beringia Theory • Artefacts found are of a type similar to those found in northeast Asia. • Blue fish caves
Beringia Theory • Critics disagree about how Paleolithic hunters migrated south • Also argue that the corridor was inhospitable to human survival.
Coastal Route Theory • Alternative thesis is that a coastal route existed. • Hunters moved along the west coast in a water craft fishing, collecting shellfish and possibly hunting sea mammals. • Movement was east, south, and eventually north as they followed herds of animals
