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Phonics

Phonics. What is it??. Phonics is an organized program where letter/sound correspondences are directly taught. Phonic Elements. 44 sounds in English Language 26 letters English = very irregular Spanish = very regular. Teaching Phonics. Instruction should be

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Phonics

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  1. Phonics

  2. What is it?? • Phonics is an organized program where letter/sound correspondences are directly taught

  3. Phonic Elements • 44 sounds in English Language • 26 letters • English = very irregular • Spanish = very regular

  4. Teaching Phonics • Instruction should be systematic (building gradually from basic elements to more complex patterns) • Instruction should be explicit (making sure kids understand key points)

  5. Systematic and Explicit Phonics Instruction: • Significantly improves Kdg. and 1st grade children’s word recognition and spelling • Is effective for children from all social, cultural and economic levels • Is particularly beneficial for struggling readers

  6. Systematic and Explicit Phonics Instruction: • Is most effective when introduced early • Is not an entire reading program for beginning readers • Can be used effectively with whole class, small groups or individual students

  7. Phonics is Systematic

  8. Teaching Sequence • Single consonants • Begin with letters that are highly regular (eg., f, l. m, n, s, v, z) • Don’t add “buh” at end of sound! • Short vowels • a = apple • e = elephant • i = incense • o = octopus • u = umbrella C-V-C words can now be read

  9. Sequence(con’t) • Blends - 2 consonants blended together ( eg., bl, dr, tr, fl, st, etc.) • Long Vowels - easy to learn and reinforce with C-VCe words ( rate, bite, hope, tube, etc.)

  10. Sequence ( con’t) • Digraphs– 2 letters that make a unique sound (sh, ch, th, ph) • Diphthongs – complex sounds formed by shifting form one vowel sound to another ( oi, oy, au, aw) • R-controlled vowels- • /ar/ /ir/ • /or/ /er/ /ur/

  11. The Most Useful Phonic Generalizations Adapted from Clymer, 1996.

  12. Phonic Generalizations (con’t)

  13. Phonics is Explicit

  14. Types of Approaches • Synthetic = explicitly converting letters into sounds and then blending them together to form words • Analogy= teaching unfamiliar words by recognizing onsets and rimes

  15. Onsets and Rimes • Onsets- the initial part of a word that precedes the vowel. • Rime- the part of the word that rhymes or shares the same letter pattern

  16. Onsets and Rimes • Builds upon syllable approach to teaching reading in Spanish • Stresses pronounceable syllables • Word families -an, -at, -ell, -eg, -ill, -ip, -og, -ot,-ub, -ug

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