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AUSTRALIAN TRANSPORT REFORMS

This document explores the historical context and key lessons drawn from Australian transport reforms over several decades. It discusses significant developments in trucking, railways, aviation, marine transport, and urban public transport from the 1950s to the 1990s, including deregulation, privatization, and performance-based standards. The analysis highlights successes, challenges, and the need for ongoing reforms. Recommendations for future policy include ensuring investment responsiveness to needs, reducing parochialism, and creating a long-term framework for efficient transport planning.

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AUSTRALIAN TRANSPORT REFORMS

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  1. AUSTRALIAN TRANSPORT REFORMS Any lessons for future policy? Derek Scrafton Transport Systems Centre, UniSA

  2. Introduction • Historical context • The NCP factor • Lessons learned • What next?

  3. Historical context • 1950s - the rise of trucking • 1960s - gradual deregulation • 1970s - changes to railways • 1980s - aviation reforms • 1990s - NRC , NRTC, NCP

  4. Air Transport • Privatisation of Qantas • Privatisation of major airports • Relaxation of foreign ownership rules • Passive response to Ansett collapse • Ending regulation of airports • Liberalisation of some bilaterals

  5. Marine transport • Stevedoring reform • Sale of Australian National Line • Use of foreign ships in domestic trades • Privatisation of South Australian ports • Privatisation of regional Victorian ports

  6. Road Transport • Private provision of infrastructure • NRTC/NTC nationally consistent charges • Performance based standards • Tighter emissions & noise standards • Road safety initiatives • Harmonisation of technical regulation

  7. Railways • Privatisation of ANR, NRC/Freightcorp etc. • Corporatisation and expansion of QR • Vertical separation of some rail assets • Establishment and expansion of ARTC • Mandated provision of third party access • Incorporation of rail matters into NTC • Private passenger railways: GSR, Air links

  8. Urban public transport • Franchising tram & train services in Melbourne • Contracting out bus services in SA & WA • New contracting areas in NSW (after Unsworth review) • Integration of service planning, fares, ticketing, etc. in SE Queensland

  9. Summary of reforms • Private funding, ownership &/or management of infrastructure & services • Employment practices • Operational practices • Regulatory harmonisation • Technical harmonisation • Pricing

  10. Lessons • Deregulation – essential first step • Open access – creation of markets • Leadership – COAG etc • Patience and determination • Corporatisation – positive step • Franchising/contracting out – patchy • Professional support and independent advice

  11. Next steps • Residual issues, e.g. taxis, UPT, etc. • Linking investment to needs • Reduce parochialism and hype • Tougher Treasuries • Inter-modal packages of reforms • Long-term framework for transport planning

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