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Empirical Effect of Catalysis

Empirical Effect of Catalysis. Catalysis deals with the properties and development of catalysts, and the effects of catalysts on chemical reactions. A catalyst is a substance that increases the rate of a chemical reaction without being consumed in the overall process.

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Empirical Effect of Catalysis

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  1. Empirical Effect of Catalysis Catalysis deals with the properties and development of catalysts, and the effects of catalysts on chemical reactions. A catalyst is a substance that increases the rate of a chemical reaction without being consumed in the overall process. Chlorophyll is a catalyst for photosynthesis. The inside of a catalytic converter in a car exhaust system is coated with an alloy that acts as a catalyst for the combustion of exhaust gases.

  2. Theoretical Explanation of Catalysis A catalyst lowers the activation energy for a reaction. This results in a larger number of effective collisions between entities, so the reaction rate increases. The rate of the forward reaction and of the reverse reaction increases by the same amount.

  3. Biological catalysts (enzymes) have binding sites specific to the reactants (substrate). The enzyme temporarily binds the substrate molecules and aligns them in the proper orientation.

  4. The uncatalyzed reaction proceeds slowly at room temperature.

  5. The catalyzed reaction has a lower activation energy, thus having an increased rate.

  6. Uses of Catalysts The Oil Industry Catalysts are used in the cracking and reforming of crude oil which reduces the temperature required for these processes, making them more efficient.

  7. Upgrading of Bitumen from Oil Sands

  8. Emissions Control

  9. Enzymes

  10. Homework: • Read pgs. 535 – 541 • pg. 542 Section 12.3 Questions #’s 1 – 6

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