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Understanding Tropical Trade Winds, Inversions, and Monsoon Dynamics

This article explores the characteristics of tropical trade winds and the subtropical inversion layer, which varies in height from about 500 m to 2000 m. It discusses the absence of inversions in the equatorial trough zone and their variable thickness, averaging around 400 m. The concept of monsoons, derived from the Arabic term "Mausin," is covered, emphasizing seasonal wind shifts in regions like the Indian Ocean. Additionally, it reviews advancements in hurricane tracking and intensity forecasting over the last three decades, highlighting the promise of improved prediction accuracy.

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Understanding Tropical Trade Winds, Inversions, and Monsoon Dynamics

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Presentation Transcript

  1. 370 Tropical

  2. Trade Wind Inversion

  3. Trade Wind or Subtropical Inversion • The height of the base of this inversion varies from about 500 m at the eastern extremities of the subtropical highs to about 2000 m at the western and equatorial extremities. • In the equatorial trough zone and over the western portions of the trade-wind belt, the inversion does not exist as a mean condition, although it appears in certain weather patterns. • The inversion is generally strongest when the height of its base is lowest, and vice versa. The thickness of the inversion layer varies from tens of m to more than 1000 m. • On the average its thickness is about 400 m.

  4. Tropical Analyses • See both midlatitude style, isobaric analysis, and streamline/isotach analyses. • Why the latter?

  5. Monsoons A monsoon is a term from early Arabs called the "Mausin," or "the season of winds." This was in reference to the seasonally shifting winds in the Indian Ocean and surrounding regions, including the Arabian Sea.

  6. Indian Monsoon SW US Monsoon

  7. Katrina • 1833 deaths • 125 billion in damage

  8. Their Origin

  9. Hurricane Prediction: A Mixed Report • During the past thirty years there has been substantial in improvement is hurricane track forecasts as computer models improved and more data became available to describe their environment. • Over the same period only minimal improvement is hurricane intensity forecasts.

  10. Substantial Promise • The use of higher resolution prediction and better data around and in hurricanes should result in better intensity predictions. 15-km grid spacing 1.67 km grid spacing

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