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Food Allergies

Food Allergies. And Food Sensitivities. What is a food allergy?. The body’s reaction to a substance, usually a protein, when it incorrectly starts an immune response. (IgA, IgE, IgG) Sometimes these reactions are mild-moderate, or can be severe enough to be life-threatening.

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Food Allergies

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  1. Food Allergies And Food Sensitivities

  2. What is a food allergy? • The body’s reaction to a substance, usually a protein, when it incorrectly starts an immune response. (IgA, IgE, IgG) • Sometimes these reactions are mild-moderate, or can be severe enough to be life-threatening.

  3. What is a food sensitivity? • The body’s reaction to a food that doesn’t always initiate an immune response, but is usually a problem with the digestion of a particular food or substance (or combination).

  4. Food Sensitivities • Lack of digestion – inadequate enzymes, illness, stress, imbalance of hormones • Food additives – sulfites, MSG, corn products, wheat products, dyes • Medical conditions – Celiac disease, Irritable Bowel Syndrome, Crohn’s disease, diverticulitis, problems chewing/swallowing • Medicine/food interactions • Do not usually produce anaphylaxis

  5. 8 most common allergenic foods These words/terms must be stated in “plain English” on all food labels

  6. Who is at risk for food allergies? • 1 out of 25 Americans (4%) - this includes approximately 3 million children under 18 years of age • Almost 5% of children less than 5 years old • Children with asthma – 80% of them have a food allergy • 25% of reactions in school are prior to actual diagnosis of allergies

  7. Exercise - Handout • What foods (recipes) might you think contain these common allergens?

  8. Symptoms of allergic reactions • Tingling in mouth or swelling, itching of skin, or eyes • Vomiting, diarrhea, cramping • Hives, swelling and/or redness of skin, or eyes • Sensation of warmth, coughing • Wheezing or difficulty breathing • Dizziness or loss of consciousness

  9. https://ssl.gstatic.com/health/33576cb3c325418b82afc7245394d485/ref/graphics/19320.jpghttps://ssl.gstatic.com/health/33576cb3c325418b82afc7245394d485/ref/graphics/19320.jpg

  10. Symptoms of Anaphylaxis • Tongue, throat, nasal passages swell • Cannot breathe • Severe drop in blood pressure • Rapid pulse • Loss of consciousness, coma or death • Must treat immediately!

  11. How do we treat? • Minor food or other allergies – Benadryl or other otc antihistamines – call Parent and possibly PCP • Severe food or other allergies – Epinephrine or EpiPen (autoinjector) – call Emergency first, then call Parent and possibly PCP

  12. Symptoms of Food Sensitivities • Usually produce gastro-intestinal symptoms • Can mimic moderate symptoms of food allergies • Can mimic symptoms of food poisoning

  13. How do we treat? • Let them go to the bathroom • Isolate and stabilize • Extra clothes on hand? • Call parent/guardian

  14. Allergens in Schools • Diversity of Students/Cultures • School Food • Learning Community • Children “in general” • Common Tables and Desks w/multiple usage • Sanitation

  15. Kids and Allergies • Parents’ Perspectives • School’s Perspectives • Laws – ADA,IDEA,FERPA, Rehab. Act. Of 1973 • What is “normal”; what is “accommodating”?

  16. Who is Responsible? • Parent or Guardian • Child • Teacher • Principal • Nurse • Food Service • Auxiliary Personnel

  17. Who is at risk for reactions? • Make sure you know all the children who have food or other allergies • Make sure you know all the substances they are allergic to • Do NOT depend on parents’ “safe lists” of foods or products

  18. Be Prepared • Be aware of what the child could have eaten, touched, or smelled • Have a plan for an allergic reaction • Have otc antihistamines on hand • Have EpiPens on hand and know how to use them

  19. Allergy Action Plan

  20. Allergy Action Plan 4-page document

  21. Allergy Action Plan

  22. ACTION Plan • Step 1 – Possible reactions and what medication(s) to administer • Step 2 – Call 911-emergency • If in doubt, if in anaphylaxis • Step 3 – Call Parent/Guardian • Notify parent of situation, where the child is going • Be prepared to re-administer medication

  23. Having a Plan • Where’s the plan? • Is the school nurse always there? • Who else knows about the plan and allergy? • Back-up plan….

  24. References & Resources • The Food Allergy and Anaphylaxis Network www.foodallergy.org • American Academy of Allergy Asthma & Immunology www.aaaai.org and for materials in Spanish www.aaaai.org/espanol • New Mexico School Nurse Manual www.newmexicoschoolhealthmanual.org • USDA Food & Nutrition Service-Accommodating Children with Special Dietary Needs in the School Nutrition Programs (2001) www.fns.usda.gov

  25. References & Resources • National Assc. of Elementary School Principals - handout • Tutorial – Meeting Children’s Special Food & Nutrition Needs in Child Nutrition Programs http://nfsmi-web01.nfsmi.olemiss.edu/documentlibraryfiles/PDF/ • Food Allergy-An Overview www.niaid.nih.gov Publication #07-5518

  26. References & Resources • www.mayoclinic.com – Food Allergy • National Association of School Nurses – Issue Brief www.nasn.org

  27. Thank you and questions? Kim Schalch, MS, RD, LD Nutritionist, Region 2 Children’s Medical Services 605 Letrado St. Suite C Santa Fe, NM 87505 505-476-2645 Kim.Schalch@state.nm.us

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