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HBEFA - Handbook Emission Factors for Road Transport

HBEFA - Handbook Emission Factors for Road Transport. Cos’e’?. Collaborazione svizzera-tedesca a partire dagli anni ’90 con l’obiettivo di individuare una metodologia di stima delle emissioni da traffico

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HBEFA - Handbook Emission Factors for Road Transport

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  1. HBEFA -Handbook Emission Factors for RoadTransport

  2. Cos’e’? • Collaborazione svizzera-tedesca a partire dagli anni ’90 con l’obiettivo di individuare una metodologia di stima delle emissioni da traffico • “Big” project: estesa campagna sperimentale (emissions LDV, HDV, MC; driving behaviour; many partners TUV Rheinland, RW TueV, EMPA, TU Graz etc) • HBEFA 1.1 (1995 D-CH) • HBEFA 1.1-A (1997/98) • HBEFA 2.1 (2004 D-A-CH) • HBEFA 3.0 – in fase di conclusione

  3. Why HBEFA Version 3 ? • Limited empirical base of HBEFA 2.1 e.g. PC up to Petrol Euro3, Diesel Euro2 (+ red factors) new measurements indicate differences e.g. HDV first version PHEM based on limited nr of veh. e.g. limited measurements for LCV, MC • Availability of newer data (ARTEMIS, PARTICULATES, national programs …) • Inconsistencies between countries (different definitions of traffic situations) • Some artifacts (e.g. for TS with high speeds) • Limitations (e.g. no split of NOx, no distinction of CO2,no alternative fuels)

  4. Cos’e’? E = FE * A = FE * NV * M Nuove classi veicolari rispetto al COPERT e ad INEMAR Traffic situation

  5. Urban Rural Speed Free-flow Inner andlocal traffic Heavy Strategic network (motorways,major roads) 90 Near saturation 60 Urban motorways primary distributors 30 Congestion Representative speed curve District level Access times 8000 2000 4000 6000 Traffic (veh /h) Traffic situation approach - principles (road transports) + gradient, sinuosity Emission model(per category of vehicle) Emission

  6. Traffic situation

  7. Fattori di emissione - 1 Average speed approach • Detailed traffic situations • The emission takes into account ofthe dynamic of the traffic conditions • A certain complexity: • Identification of the traffic situations • Mileage distribution NOx

  8. Fattori di emissione - 1 • Implementazione ARTEMIS in Regione Lombardia • Difficolta’ incontrate: • Definizione TS • Fe inclusi in ARTEMIS: • Mancano fattori di emissione sui LDV (solo con approccio average speed); • Mancano fattori di emissione di PM per i veicoli a benzina; • Mancano fattori di emissione per le categorie MC <150 cc; • Alcuni fattori di emissioni sono uguali per diverse traffic situations. Esempio:PM passenger car diesel euro 4.

  9. Fattori di emissione - NOx

  10. Fattori di emissione - 3 • Per tipo di emissione: • › fattori di emissione a caldo • › fattori di emissione a freddo • › evaporazione (hot/warm soak and/or diurnal) • Per tipo di veicolo: • › autoveicoli, veicoli commerciali leggeri, • › veicoli commerciali pesanti, pullman e autobus urbani • › motocicli • Per i seguenti inquinanti: • VOC, CO, NOx, PM, SO2, Pb, fuel consumption, CO2, • several VOC-components [benzene, methane/nonmethane- • VOC, soot, toluene, xylene], NH3 and N2O • Per pendenza della strada (fattori di emissione a caldo) • Parametri per emissioni a freddo ed evaporative: temperatura, • distribuzioni delle lunghezze di viaggio, distribuzione parking time

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