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Islamic Empires

Islamic Empires. The Big Idea After the Spread of Islam, three large Islamic empires formed – Ottoman, Safavid , and Mongul . Main Ideas Trade helped Islam spread into new areas. Caliphs are high leaders of Islam. . Arab Empire.

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Islamic Empires

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  1. Islamic Empires

  2. The Big Idea After the Spread of Islam, three large Islamic empires formed – Ottoman, Safavid, and Mongul. Main Ideas Trade helped Islam spread into new areas. Caliphs are high leaders of Islam.

  3. Arab Empire • After Muhammad’s death, Abu Bakr was chosen to be the caliph of Islam. • Caliph – “successor” or highest leader in Islam. Their goal was to protect and spread Islam. • Unified Arabia as a Muslim state

  4. Umayyad Dynasty • Moved capital to Damascus (Syria) • Continued to expand the empire

  5. Defeated the Persian and Byzantine empires. • Many were persecuted so they were willing to accept Muslim rule. • Christians and Jews could continue to practice their own religion but could not build new places of worship. • Opposition to the Umayyad caliphs grew since Arab Muslims had the best jobs and paid lower taxes.

  6. Abbasid Dynasty Made Baghdad their capital city.

  7. Reorganized the government to make it easier to rule a large region. • Focused on improving trade and culture. • Experienced a golden age but could not keep the empire together.

  8. Seljuk Turks of Asia seized Baghdad and took control of the government. The caliph was allowed to manage religious matters. • The Seljuk ruler called himself sultan.

  9. Mongols (Central Asia) attack Baghdad and destroy city. Empire is split • Ottoman Empire in Turkey • Safavid Empire in Persia • Mongul Empire in India

  10. Social Structure Based on power and wealth • Government leaders, landowners, and wealthy merchants • Artisans, farmers, and workers • Enslaved people held no power.

  11. men and women had separate roles • Men – in charge of government, society, and business • Women – managed their families and households • Allowed to own property, invest in trade and inherit wealth. Some upper class women got an education.

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