Looking Inside Cells

1. Looking Inside Cells Section 2-4 7th grade Life Science

2. specific functions within the cell layer of non-living material do not have cell walls Protect and support the cell A strong material called cellulose Many materials including water can pass through it have cell membranes what substances come into and out of a cell As the cells control center , directing all of the cell’s activity Protects the nucleus In and out of the nucleus through pores in the nuclear envelope I. Introduction to Section 2-4 A. Organelles carry out _________________________________________________ II. Enter the Cell A. Cell Wall — a rigid ___________________________________________________ 1. The cells of animals ____________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ 2. A plant’s cell wall helps to ______________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ 3. The cell wall is made of _______________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ 4. Many materials, ______________________________________________________ B. Cell Membrane 1. All cells _______________________________________________________ 2. The cell membrane controls ___________________________________________ III. Sail on to the Nucleus A. You can think of the nucleus __________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ B. Nuclear Envelope 1. The nuclear envelope __________________________________________________ 2. Materials pass ________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________

3. C. Chromatin 1. Chromatin contains ___________________, the ____________________ __________________________________________________________________ D. Nucleolus 1. Is where _______________________________________________________ 2. Ribosomes are the _____________________________________________ IV. Organelles in the Cytoplasm A. The cytoplasm, the region ____________________________________________ B. Made up of a clear, thick, _____________________________________________ C. The fluid in the cytoplasm is __________________________________________ D. Mitochondria 1. Mitochondria are known as the __________________________________ E. Endoplasmic Reticulum 1. The endoplasmic reticulum’s passageways ______________________________________________-______________________ F. Ribosomes 1. Attached to some surfaces ______________________________________ 2. Ribosomes function as _________________________________________ genetic material instructions for directing the cell’s functions ribosomes are made organelles where protein is produced between the cell membrane and the nucleus gel-like fluid constantly moving “powerhouses” of the cell Carry proteins and other materials from one part of the cell to another of the endoplasmic reticulum factories to produce proteins

4. In the space provided draw and label EITHER a plant cell or an animal cell. Use the information provided on pages 64 or 65.

5. G. Golgi Bodies • 1. The Golgi bodies ______________________________________________________ • ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ • 2. The Golgi bodies also ___________________________________________ • H. Chloroplasts • 1. Only the cells of __________________________________________________ • 2. Chloroplasts capture ___________________________________________ • 3. Chloroplasts make ____________________________________________ • I. Vacuoles • 1. Vacuoles are ___________________________________________________ • J. Lysosomes • 1. Lysosomes are small ___________________________________________ • 2. Some chemicals break down ____________________________________ • 3. You can think of lysosomes as ___________________________________ Receive protein and other newly formed materials from the endoplasmic reticulum , package them, and distribute them to other parts of the cell. Release materials outside the cell plants and some other organisms that make their own food Energy from sunlight and use it to make food Leaves green storage areas for cells round structures containing chemicals Large food particles, old cell parts, the cell’s cleanup crew

6. V. Specialized Cells • A. Cells are often quite __________________________________________________ • ______________________________________________________________________ • 1. In many-celled organisms, ______________________________________ • __________________________________________________________________ • a. A tissue is ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ • b. An organ is made of ______________________________________________________________________ • c. An organ system is a group ____________________________________________________________________ different from each other and are specialized to perform specific functions Cells are organized into tissues, organs, and organ systems a group of similar cells that work together to carry out a life process or perform a specific function Different kinds of tissues that function together of organs that work together to perform a major function

7. Answer Section 2-4 Assessment questions on page 67, numbers 1a, 2a, and 3b using complete sentences. Answer on your own paper.