Presented By Cary Heck, Ph.D. University of Wyoming/NDCI

1. Applying Research to Practice: Using Risk and Need Factors to Determine Systems Responses TRI science addiction Presented By Cary Heck, Ph.D. University of Wyoming/NDCI

2. TRI science addiction Criminogenic Risks • Age during rehabilitation < 25 years • Criminal onset < 16 years • Prior rehabilitation failures • History of violence • Antisocial Personality Disorder • Psychopathy • Familial history of crime • Criminal associations

3. TRI science addiction Criminogenic Needs Drug Dependence or Addiction

4. TRI science addiction Criminogenic Needs Drug Dependence or Addiction • Binge pattern • Cravings or compulsions • Withdrawal symptoms

5. TRI science addiction Criminogenic Needs Abstinence is a distal goal Drug Dependence or Addiction • Binge pattern • Cravings or compulsions • Withdrawal symptoms }

6. TRI science addiction Criminogenic Needs Abstinence is a distal goal Drug Dependence or Addiction • Binge pattern • Cravings or compulsions • Withdrawal symptoms Drug Abuse or Misuse }

7. TRI science addiction Criminogenic Needs Abstinence is a distal goal Drug Dependence or Addiction • Binge pattern • Cravings or compulsions • Withdrawal symptoms Drug Abuse or Misuse Abstinence is a proximal goal } }

8. TRI science addiction Criminogenic Needs Abstinence is a distal goal Drug Dependence or Addiction • Binge pattern • Cravings or compulsions • Withdrawal symptoms Drug Abuse or Misuse Collateral needs • E.g., dual diagnosis, HIV+ Abstinence is a proximal goal } }

9. TRI science addiction Criminogenic Needs Abstinence is a distal goal Drug Dependence or Addiction • Binge pattern • Cravings or compulsions • Withdrawal symptoms Drug Abuse or Misuse Collateral needs • E.g., dual diagnosis, HIV+ Abstinence is a proximal goal } Regimen compliance is proximal } }

10. TRI science addiction Risk & Needs Matrix High Risk Low Risk High Needs Low Needs

11. TRI science addiction Risk & Needs Matrix High Risk Low Risk Accountability & Treatment High Needs Low Needs

12. TRI science addiction Risk & Needs Matrix High Risk Low Risk Treatment Accountability & Treatment High Needs Low Needs

13. TRI science addiction Risk & Needs Matrix High Risk Low Risk Treatment Accountability & Treatment High Needs Accountability Low Needs

14. TRI science addiction Risk & Needs Matrix High Risk Low Risk Treatment Accountability & Treatment High Needs Accountability Prevention Low Needs

15. TRI science addiction Risk & Needs Matrix High Risk Low Risk Treatment Accountability & Treatment High Needs Accountability Prevention Low Needs

16. TRI science addiction Practice Implications High Risk Low Risk • Intensive treatment • Attendance is proximal • Positive reinforcement • Status hearings • Intensive treatment • Compliance is proximal • Restrictive sanctions • Positive reinforcement High Needs • Prevention • Abstinence is proximal • Status hearings • Abstinence is proximal • Restrictive sanctions Low Needs

17. TRI science addiction Policy Implications High Risk Low Risk High Needs Low Needs

18. TRI science addiction Policy Implications High Risk Low Risk Drug Court High Needs Low Needs

19. TRI science addiction Policy Implications High Risk Low Risk Drug Court Or Track 2 Drug Court High Needs Low Needs

20. TRI science addiction Policy Implications High Risk Low Risk Drug Court Or Track 2 Drug Court High Needs Traditional adjudication Low Needs

21. TRI science addiction Policy Implications High Risk Low Risk Drug Court Or Track 2 Drug Court High Needs Traditional adjudication Pre-trial diversion Low Needs