Towards a Land Degradation Neutral World

1. Towards a Land Degradation Neutral World DLDD*andSustainable Development Luc GNACADJA Executive Secretary Berlin, 23 April 2012 DLDD = Desertification Land Degradation & Drought

2. Poverty Food security What implications for ? SustainableDevelopment 70% rural in 2030 +40% Energy Water 80% hunger rural +50% in 2030 Water in Agric70% in 2030 +40% For Agricult-ForestsBiodiv-Settlements&Infrastructure 2030: Urbanization: to 30 million ha - Deforestation: 70 to 80 % of expansion of cropland expansion lead to deforestation 140 million to 175 million hectares Land/Soil

3. So muchdepends on solittle

4. DLDD: Some facts & figures ? SustainableDevelopment • More than 50% of agricultural moderately to severely degraded • LD directly affects 1,5 billion people globally • 75 billion tons of fertile soil disappear/year • 12 million ha/Year lost due to drought and desertification • Six million km2 of drylands bear a legacy of desertification • Biodiversity: 27,000 species lost each year due to LD • 70 to 80 % of expansion of cropland lead to deforestation +140 to 175 million ha by 2030 Food Forest Energy Water DLDD Land/Soil Climate Change Biodiversity loss

5. Extreme Poverty Food insecurity & Hunger Increasedto Drought & Water stress Increased emissions of GHG Biodiversity Loss Deforestation Instability & Crises Migrations DLDD has far-reaching impacts

6. Droughtpotentialworldwide 2000-2098 Source : University Corporation for AtmosphericResearch - http://www2.ucar.edu/news/2904/climate-change-drought-may-threaten-much-globe-within-decades

7. Climate change will depress agricultural yields in most countries by 2050 given current agricultural practices and crop varieties Changes in agricultural productivity by 2050 due to Climate change Source: Müller and others 2009. in WDR 2010, Page 145 Note: The figure shows the projected percentage change in yields of 11 major crops (wheat, rice, maize, millet, field pea, sugar beet, sweet potato, soybean, groundnut, sunflower, and rapeseed) from 2046 to 2055, compared with 1996–2005. The values are the mean of three emission scenarios across five global climate models, assuming no CO2 fertilization (see note 54). Large negative yield impacts are projected in many areas that are highly dependent on agriculture

8. The real value of Drylands • Area: more than 40% of the world land mass • Population: 38% of the 7 billion of people living • Food: • 44% of the World’s food production system • 50% of the World’s livestock • Forest: Dry forests makes 42% of the earth's tropical and subtropical open or closed forests • Biodiversity: Drylands, home to the world’s largest diversity of mammals whose survival, literally, hangs on the arid zone forests. • But GDP in dryland areas is 50% lower than in non-drylands

9. DLDD & Climate Change • The % of Earth’s land area stricken by serious drought has more than doubled from the 1970s to the early 2000s • Climate change will depress agricultural yields by up to 15-50% in most countries by 2050, given current agricultural practices and crop varieties • Agriculture worldwide accounts for around 15% of global greenhouse gas emissions. The related deforestation contributes about 11% • “Improved management of the world’s land (including terrestrial carbon) represents one third of the overall global abatement potential in 2030 (and a half in 2020)1. It represents 7Gt CO2e of mitigation in developing countries in 2020, roughly 40% of the 17Gt CO2e of mitigation required globally” No Carbon neutrality without Land degradation neutrality

10. Source: World Resources Institute, South Dakota State University, the IUCN and the Global Partnership on Forest Landscape Restoration - http://www.wri.org/map/global-map-forest-landscape-restoration-opportunities

11. Cost of Action Vs Inaction The Economics of Land Degradation

12. A Zero Net Rate of Land Degradationiswithinreach Status & Trends in Global Land Degradation Source: SOLAW 2011 - FAO

13. The UNCCD • Environment & Development Convention with a focus on aridsemi-arid & subhumid areas • Entered into force on 26 December 1996 • Ratified by 195 Parties • 5 geographical Annexes (RAPs and SRAPs) • 98 National Action Programmes (NAPs) • 164 Affected Parties

14. The UNCCD Strategic Objectives To generate Global Benefits 3 2 To improve the Conditions of affected Ecosystems 1 To improve the Livelihood of Affected Populations To mobilize resourcesthrough building effective partnerships among all stakeholders 4 *SLM = Sustainable Land Management

15. For a SDG on Land @ Rio + 20 Reversing Land Degradation Sustainable land use for all and by all (in agriculture, forestry, energy, urbanization Land Degradation Neutral World Food • Targets: • ZNLD by 2030 • ZNFD by 2030 • Drought preparedness in all droughts prone countries by 2020 Forest Gender Migration Energy Water Improving Livelihoods SLM Efficiency Resilience Inclusiveness Improving Ecosystems DLDD Land/Soil Climate Change Biodiversity loss

16. An HistoricalFact Mankind is a Desert-making Species ‘ForestsprecedecivilizationDesertsfollowthem’ We must build a land degradation neutral world

17. Poverty eradication • Improving livelihood through pro-poor policies on Sustainable Land & Water Management • Food Security • Preserving the resource base for food security – Land productivity/Soil fertility improvement at the core of all long term strategies • Drought & Water stress • Improving water availability & quality through sustainable land & water management • Climate change • Land is a win-win context for adaptation, mitigation & resilience building • Biodiversity • Biodiversity conservation through improvement of land ecosystems’ conditions LD Neutrality • Avoided Deforestation • Sust. Land Management & Restoration of degraded Lands as an alternative to Deforestation • Bio Energies • Opportunities for Bio energies through biomass production • Avoiding Forced Migrations • Changing the DAM paradigm • “Degrade-Abandon-Migrate”

18. Thank you