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Explore the intellectual movement of the Enlightenment, where reason, individualism, and progress were valued. Discover the social contract, the role of philosophers (philosophes), and the pursuit of truth in a secular society.
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Enlightenment • Intellectual movement that stressed reason, thought, and the power of individuals to solve problems
Social Contract • People give their rights to a strong ruler in exchange they have law and order
Philosophes • Social critics of the mid-1700s • Believed people could apply reason to all aspects of life
Secular • Non-religious outlook • People are questioning Church and its teachings
Individualism • Look inward to find answers and meaning to questions
Salon • Philosophes, artists, writers, scientists, and intellectuals met in drawing rooms for regular social gatherings
5 Core Beliefs of the Philosophes • Reason- truth could be found through reason and logic • Nature- what was natural was good and reasonable
5 Core Beliefs of the Philosophes • Happiness- rejected joy in the hereafter and urged people to seek well-being on earth • Progress- society and human kind can improve • Liberty- based on liberties achieved during the Glorious Revolution and Bill of Rights