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Understanding the Differences Between Genotype and Phenotype

This review explains the key differences between genotype and phenotype, two fundamental concepts in genetics. Genotype refers to the genetic code that determines an organism's traits, represented by alleles. For example, a tall plant could have a genotype of TT (homozygous dominant) or Tt (heterozygous). Phenotype, on the other hand, describes the observable characteristics of an organism, such as eye color or height. This resource also covers the concepts of dominant and recessive traits, providing examples to enhance understanding.

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Understanding the Differences Between Genotype and Phenotype

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  1. Genotype and Phenotype What is the difference?

  2. Review Words • Characteristics – are the category of a trait – • Example – eye color, height, likes/dislikes • Traits – the physical, social, and emotional qualities of an organism • Example – blue eyes, tall, hates carrots • Dominant Trait – when a majority of an organism shows the trait. • Example – most pea plants show as tall • Recessive Trait – when a minority of an organism shows the trait. • Example – few pea plants show as short • Alleles – all the possible choices for a characteristic • Example – eye color – blue, brown, gray, green

  3. Genotype • How the genes code for a specific trait. • If the trait is dominant it uses a capital letter • Example – Tall (T) • If the trait is recessive it uses the same letter but lower case • Example – short (t) • Genotypes always have two letters – one for dad and one for mom

  4. Types of genotype • Purebred (homozygous) dominant – the genes only have the dominant trait in its code. • Example – Dominant Tall -- TT • Purebred (homozygous) recessive – the genes only have the recessive trait in its code. • Example – Recessive short – tt • Hybrid (heterozygous) – the genes are mixed code for that trait. • Example – hybrid Tall -- Tt

  5. Phenotype • The outward appearance of the trait. • How an organism looks • How an organism acts • How an organism feels

  6. Tricks to remembering the difference between Genotype and Phenotype • Genotype – deals with GENE CODE. • Phenotype – deals with looks you can take a PHOTO with.

  7. This powerpoint was kindly donated to www.worldofteaching.com http://www.worldofteaching.com is home to over a thousand powerpoints submitted by teachers. This is a completely free site and requires no registration. Please visit and I hope it will help in your teaching.

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