When working with a database, a group of related fields comprises a(n)…

1. When working with a database, a group of related fields comprises a(n)… • file. • database. • entity. • record. • attribute.

2. When working with a database, a group of related fields comprises a(n)… • file. • database. • entity. • record. • attribute. Fields are groups of characters such as a word, group of words, or a complete number.

3. A person, place, thing, or event on which we store and maintain information using records is a(n)… • file. • database. • entity. • field. • attribute.

4. A person, place, thing, or event on which we store and maintain information using records is a(n)… • file. • database. • entity. • field. • attribute. An entity can be a customer (person), retail store (place), order (thing), or holiday shopping season (event).

5. A field in each record that uniquely identifies that record is called a… • secondary field. • primary field. • key field. • first field. • customer field.

6. A field in each record that uniquely identifies that record is called a… • secondary field. • primary field. • key field. • first field. • customer field. Every record in a file should contain at least one field that uniquely identifies that record so the record can be retrieved, updated, or sorted.

7. Which of the following is not a problem with the traditional file environment? • Data security • Program-data dependence • Data redundancy • Easily sharing data • Inflexibility

8. Which of the following is not a problem with the traditional file environment? • Data security • Program-data dependence • Data redundancy • Easily sharing data • Inflexibility In most organizations, systems tend to grow independently and not according to some grand plan. Over time, problems occur with data redundancy and inconsistency, program-data dependence, inflexibility, poor data security, and an inability to share data among applications.

9. Which of the following occurs when the same data are stored in more than one place or location? • Program-data dependence • Data redundancy • Inflexible database retrieval • Lack of data sharing • Data inconsistency

10. Program-data dependence • Data redundancy • Inflexible database retrieval • Lack of data sharing • Data inconsistency Which of the following occurs when the same data are stored in more than one place or location? Data redundancy occurs when different divisions, functional areas, and groups in an organization independently collect the same piece of data and store it independently of each other.

11. Which of the following refers to the situation in which a change in a software program could require a change in the data used by that program? • Program-data dependence • Data redundancy • Inflexible database retrieval • Lack of data sharing • Data inconsistency

12. Which of the following refers to the situation in which a change in a software program could require a change in the data used by that program? • Program-data dependence • Data redundancy • Inflexible database retrieval • Lack of data sharing • Data inconsistency Program-data dependence refers to the coupling of data stored in files and the specific programs required to update and maintain those files such that changes in programs require changes to the data.

13. The software that acts as an interface between application programs and the physical data files is… • middleware. • shareware. • enterprise application software. • database management system. • operating system.

14. The software that acts as an interface between application programs and the physical data files is… • middleware. • shareware. • enterprise application software. • database management system. • operating system. A database management system is simply the software that permits an organization to centralize data, manage them efficiently, and provide access to the stored data by application programs.

15. Which of the following refers to the presentation of data as they would be perceived by end users? • Conceptual schema • Logical view • Physical view • Physical schema • Subschema

16. Which of the following refers to the presentation of data as they would be perceived by end users? • Conceptual schema • Logical view • Physical view • Physical schema • Subschema The physical view of data shows how they are actually organized and structured on physical storage media.

17. The logical description of the entire database showing all the data elements and relationships among them is called the … • conceptual schema. • logical view. • physical view. • physical schema. • subschema.

18. The logical description of the entire database showing all the data elements and relationships among them is called the … • conceptual schema. • logical view. • physical view. • physical schema. • subschema. The specifications of how data from the conceptual schema are stored on physical media is termed the physical schema or internal schema.

19. Which of the following is not a component of a database management system? • Enterprise applications • Data definition language • Data manipulation language • Data dictionary • Not sure

20. Which of the following is not a component of a database management system? • Enterprise applications • Data definition language • Data manipulation language • Data dictionary • Not sure A database management system must have a data definition language, a data manipulation language, and a data dictionary.

21. An automated file that stores definitions of data elements and data characteristics is called a(n)… • data definition language. • data manipulation language. • data dictionary. • application program. • Not sure

22. An automated file that stores definitions of data elements and data characteristics is called a(n)… • data definition language. • data manipulation language. • data dictionary. • application program. • Not sure The data dictionary can produce lists and reports of data use, groupings, and program locations.

23. Hierarchical • Table • Network • Relational • Not sure Which type of data model represents all data in the database as simple two-dimensional tables?

24. Which type of data model represents all data in the database as simple two-dimensional tables? • Hierarchical • Table • Network • Relational • Not sure The relational DBMS is the most popular type for PCs as well as for larger computers and mainframes.

25. Which of the following is not a basic operation in a relational database? • Select • Join • Project • Print • Not sure

26. Which of the following is not a basic operation in a relational database? • Select • Join • Project • Print • Not sure The select operation creates a subset of all records that meet the stated criteria. The join operation combines relational tables. The project operation creates a subset of columns in a table, creating new tables that contain only the information required.

27. Which of the following is not a characteristic of data structures that have been normalized? • Small • Stable • Flexible • Adaptive • Networked

28. Which of the following is not a characteristic of data structures that have been normalized? • Small • Stable • Flexible • Adaptive • Networked To use a relational database model effectively, complex groupings of data must be streamlined to minimize redundant data elements and awkward many-to-many relationships through the process of normalization.

29. A database that stores current and historical data of potential interest to managers throughout the company is called a data … • mine. • warehouse. • store. • network. • crate.

30. A database that stores current and historical data of potential interest to managers throughout the company is called a data … • mine. • warehouse. • store. • network. • crate. The data stored in a data warehouse originate in many core operational systems and external sources. The data are standardized into a common data model and consolidated so that they can be used across the enterprise for management analysis and decision making.

31. Which of the following is often used to provide information for targeted marketing campaigns? • Data mining • Data warehousing • Data storing • Data networking • Data crating

32. Which of the following is often used to provide information for targeted marketing campaigns? • Data mining • Data warehousing • Data storing • Data networking • Data crating Data mining uses a variety of techniques to find hidden patterns and relationships in large pools of data and infer rules from them that can be used to predict future behavior and guide decision making.

33. Which of the following allows users to access topics on a Web site in whichever order they wish? • Structured Query Languages • Hypermedia databases • Ad-hoc query languages • Common gateway interface • Database servers

34. Which of the following allows users to access topics on a Web site in whichever order they wish? • Structured Query Languages • Hypermedia databases • Ad-hoc query languages • Common gateway interface • Database servers The hypermedia database approach to information management stores chunks of information in the form of nodes connected by links the user specifies. The nodes can contain text, graphics, sound, full-motion video, or executable computer programs.

35. SQL script. • Data language script. • Java script. • Access script. • Common gateway interface. A specification for transferring information between a Web server and a program designed to accept and return data is called …

36. A specification for transferring information between a Web server and a program designed to accept and return data is called … • SQL script. • Data language script. • Java script. • Access script. • Common gateway interface. Common gateway interfaces can be written in any programming language.

37. An organizational function with the power to define information requirements for the entire company is called a… • resource administration. • data administration. • database administration. • Data-mining administration. • Not sure

38. An organizational function with the power to define information requirements for the entire company is called a… • resource administration. • data administration. • database administration. • data-mining administration. • Not sure Data administration is responsible for the specific policies and procedures through which data can be managed as an organizational resource. The fundamental principle of data administration is that all data are the property of the organization as a whole.

39. A database design and management group performs the functions of … • resources administration. • data administration. • database administration. • data-mining administration. • Not sure

40. A database design and management group performs the functions of … • resources administration. • data administration. • database administration. • data-mining administration. • Not sure The database design and management group establishes the physical database, the logical relations among elements, and the access rules and procedures.