1 / 20

The American Civil Rights movement

HIST 202 - HESEN. The American Civil Rights movement. Early Roots. 19 th Century Jim Crow Laws Black Codes 1896 – Plessy v. Ferguson Early 20 th Century W.E.B du Bois Booker T. Washington. Civil Rights After WWII. Truman 1 st modern president to challenge discrimination

brady-sosa
Télécharger la présentation

The American Civil Rights movement

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. HIST 202 - HESEN The American Civil Rights movement

  2. Early Roots • 19th Century • Jim Crow Laws • Black Codes • 1896 – Plessy v. Ferguson • Early 20th Century • W.E.B du Bois • Booker T. Washington

  3. Civil Rights After WWII • Truman • 1st modern president to challenge discrimination • Committee on Civil Rights (1946) • 1948 – desegregated the Armed Forces • Strengthened the civil rights division in Justice Department

  4. Civil Rights After WWII • Fair Employment Practices Commission • May not hire/fire a person solely based on race • Employers must not profile applicants • Equal wages for equal work • Congress crushed it

  5. Challenging Segregation in Court • NAACP Focus • Schools – since 1909 • Govt. spent 10x more money on white schools • 1938 – Thurgood Marshall • Won 29 out of 32 cases • Chipped away at Plessy v. Ferguson ruling • People began to see the need for desegregated education

  6. Brown v. Board of Education • May 17, 1954 • Linda Brown – 8 years old • Board of Education, Topeka, Kansas • Violated her right to equal education • Elem. School 4 blocks from house – tried to send her to one 21 blocks away • “In public education, segregation has no place”

  7. Reaction to Brown • Mixed reactions • Southern schools • Texas – took the ruling to heart and desegregated schools and public facilities • Georgia – “white kids…white schools”

  8. Resistance to School Segregation • By 1955 – 500 schools desegregated • Baltimore, Wash. DC, St. Louis • 1955 – Brown II • Desegregate NOW! • “All deliberate speed”

  9. Crisis in Little Rock • 1948 – Arkansas • First state to allow black in public universities • No court orders needed • City board hired desegregation council members • People thought that Little Rock was safe…

  10. Crisis in Little Rock • September 1957 • Gov. OrvalFaubus • “Little Rock Nine” • Central High School • Federal judge interceded • Eisenhower sent National Guard in to quell protests • Civil Rights Act of 1957 • Gave attorney general more power over desegregation

  11. Emmitt Till • August 1955 • Emmitt Till • From Chicago – in Mississippi for summer • Talks to a white girl in store • Till was brutally murdered and found in river

  12. The Montgomery Bus Boycott • African American activists • Jo Robinson • Letter to mayor of Montgomery, AL • Asked to desegregate city buses • Mayor refused

  13. Boycotting Segregation • December 1, 1955 • Rosa Parks • Sat at the front of the bus • Parks was arrested • Montgomery Improvement Association • Organized bus boycotts • Martin Luther King Jr. was picked to lead

  14. MLK and the SCLC • Bus boycott proved unity among African Americans • Based on nonviolence • Jesus • Henry David Thoreau • A. Philip Randolph • Mohandas Gandhi

  15. MLK and SCLC • 1957 - founded Southern Christian Leadership Conference • Used church to get message out • Staged nonviolent protests • Hoped to build a solid following

  16. Ole’ Miss • Long-standing tradition of segregation • Clyde Kennard – 1956 • James Meredith – 1962 • Governor Ross Barnett • Response by the government • Bobby Kennedy • U.S. Marshals • U.S. Army

  17. Freedom Rides • Organized by CORE • Mission: GET BLACKS REGISTERED TO VOTE • Anniston, AL – firebombing • Birmingham, AL – Bull Connor • Montgomery, AL – Greyhound Bus Station

  18. Medgar Evers • Freedom Rider • Most influenced by Brown v. BOE and Emmitt Till • Most visible civil rights leader in Mississippi • Shot in the back in his driveway in Jackson, MS - 1963

  19. Grassroots Movements • Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) • College students organized SNCC • Challenged the system • Joined with SCLC for civil rights

  20. Nonviolent Method • Sit-ins • SNCC and SCLC members • Sat at segregated lunch counters in cities • Woolworth’s sit in – Greensboro, NC • Showed Americans the horrors of racism • By 1960 – 48 cities had desegregated lunch counters

More Related