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Mastering Vocabulary: Key Terms and Their Meanings for Sophomores

Enhance your vocabulary with key terms from Unit 3B of our English course. This guide covers essential words such as "harass," "inclement," "muse," and "negligible," providing definitions and usage examples to deepen your understanding. Learn how to effectively communicate with precision and clarity. Whether you are writing or having conversations, these words will help you articulate your thoughts better. Each term is not only defined but also accompanied by synonyms to expand your linguistic repertoire.

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Mastering Vocabulary: Key Terms and Their Meanings for Sophomores

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  1. Sophomore English Unit 3B • Take notes! • Vocabulary is awesome. It, like, lets us say stuff.

  2. harass • (v.) to disturb, worry; to trouble by repeated attacks S: annoy, pester, bedevil, beleaguer The judge repeatedly cautioned the prosecuting attorney not to harass the witness.

  3. inclement • (adj.) stormy, harsh; severe in attitude or action S: blustery, tempestuous A: mild, gentle, balmy, tranquil Sometimes we are lucky enough to have school cancelled in the winter when we have inclement weather.

  4. muse • (v.) to think about in a dreamy way, ponder S: meditate, contempate, daydream Philosophers have always mused on the meaning of life.

  5. negligible • (adj.) so unimportant that it can be disregarded The gold you'll get from this is negligible. S: trivial, inconsequential, insignificant A: significant, crucial, momentous

  6. perpetuate • (v.) to make permanent or long-lasting Rumors and lies are easy to perpetuate. S: continue, preserve, A: discontinue, abolish, abandon

  7. precedent • (n.) an example that may serve as a basis for imitation later S: guide, tradition, model This scene from The Matrix set the precedent for many visual effects of other movies.

  8. punitive • (adj.) inflicting or aiming at punishment Extra money is awarded in some legal cases as a punitive measure. S: penalizing, retaliatory

  9. redress • (v.) to set right, remedy • (n.) relief for worry or injury S: rectify, correct, mitigate An apology can go a long way to redress the hurt feelings caused by an insensitive comment or a thoughtless act.

  10. sojourn • (n.) a temporary stay • (v.) to stay for a time S: visit, stopover, brief stay Spirit and Opportunity were only supposed to sojurn on Mars for 3 months. Fiveyears later they still work!

  11. Urbane • (adj.) refined in manner or style, suave S: elegant A: crude, uncouth, boorish An urbane host puts guests at ease by appearing totally confident and unruffled no matter what happens.

  12. GRAMMAR The reason I get up in the morning…….

  13. OF vs HAVE • Of is used instead of have in conditional forms due to pronunciation (e.g. I would of visited New York if I had had the time.). "Of" is a preposition whereas "have" is an auxiliary verb used in conditional forms. Examples: • He might have left early on vacation. • She would have attended if you had asked her to come. • She is a friend of mine.

  14. SPELLING

  15. DEFINITE • clearly defined or determined; not vague or general; fixed; precise; exact “It's definite that he'll go” “Definite restrictions on the sale of alcohol”

  16. FINALLY • at the end; in conclusion • decisively; conclusively; irrevocably “I was lost, but I finally found my way” “Finally the credits rolled and the film was over”

  17. SEPARATE • (v.) to set or put apart into sections, groups, sets, units, etc.; cause to part; divide; disunite; sever • (adj.) detached, disconnected, disjoined “Joe separated his sons when they started to fight” “Luann had to separate the comics from the rest of the newspaper” “Deven is in a separate world all his own.”

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