Engineering

1. Engineering Creating objects that use verified technological principles to help humans meet their needs. Kinds? Mechanical, Chemical, Biomedical, Electrical, Computer, and Civil Engineering.

2. What is Mechanical Engineering? • It is a branch of engineering that deals with the design, construction, operation and improvement of systems or technical objects. →

3. What is a mechanical function? • It is defined as the role played by a mechanism* inside a more or less complex object. * A mechanism is a part of substance having a specific function. YouTube - mechanical engineering

4. The Five basic Mechanical Functions?

5. LINKS How objects are “connected together”.

6. Guiding Control “allows a part to rotate, translate or both”

7. Lubrication “reduces friction”

8. Seal “prevents leaks”

9. Support “hold up other corresponding parts”

10. A Mechanical Object Link Support Guide Control Lubrication Seal

11. How to Describe Links • The link function is the connections between two parts or more. • They exist when an object is composed of more than a single part.

12. Kinds of Links

15. A link always has 4 of the 8 properties; they have one from each pair of properties: Direct or Indirect; Removable or Non-Removable Rigid or Elastic Complete or Partial

16. Example: A Door, its Hinge, and the Door Frame.

17. Your Turn • Describe the four characteristics of the links in each of the following examples: • Create a basic design plan using a ruler, BUT ONLY SYMBOL THE LINKS AND WHAT 4 PROPERTIES THEY HAVE. • A table and its four legs connected with screws. • A pair of scissors. • c) A pen and its cap.

18. Motion Transmission Systems • Is defined as a system’s ability to transmit the same motion from one part of an object to another. When we pedal a bicycle, we transmit a force into the peddles, which then transmits the motion into the bike’s wheels via the chain and gears. Question? Does it always have to move in the same way?

19. Bidirectional Spiral Motion transmits into Bidirectional Rectilinear Translation. Egg Beater Hand Out

20. Antique Egg Beater Motion Transmission System _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Link Indirect Non-removable Rigid Complete Support Guide Control Seals? Lubrication? Keep this sheet handy, you will need it later.

21. Do Motion Systems need… • Lubrication*? • Guiding Control*? • Seals*? • Support*? • Not all of them, but where there is motion, usually lubrication* is needed for limiting friction….which means there should be seals* keeping the lubricant stored or inside the mechanism. Most movements require a guide control* so the “pieces don’t fly” as well as giving support* frames where the mechanisms won’t interfere with each other. Plus it depends on what the object is used for. YouTube - ENGINE ANIMATION....

22. From the Video, did you see evidence of each of the following Mechanical Functions? • Lubrication. Oil for the pistons, and gears. • Guiding Control: The Cylinders the pistons move through. The Gears proper rotation. • Seals: Keep the lubricants and gas from leaving the engine. • Support: All the nuts and bolts, molded frame.

23. Types of Transmission Systems:

24. Chain and Sprocket System Back Wheel (Receiving Mechanism) Chain (Intermediate Mechanism) Pedal (Motor Mechanism) If any of the pieces of the mechanism fail, what would the possible result be?

25. Antique Egg Beater Motion Transmission System _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Link Indirect Non-removable Rigid Complete Motor Mechanism Intermediate Mechanism Support Guide Control Receiving Mechanism

26. Different Types of Motion Transmission Systems Chain and Sprockets Belt and Pulley Gears Friction Gears Wheel and Worm Gear Simple Machines

27. Antique Egg Beater Motion Transmission System Changed rotation direction 90o. Twice the energy, with the same energy output.

28. Transformation Systems • The ability of one mechanism to CHANGE the nature of motion in another mechanism. Options: 1. Rotation into Translation; 2. Rotation into Rotation; 3. Translation into Rotation; 4. Translation into Translation. B A Rotation: Translation: B Examples Extraordinaire! B

29. Motion Transformation of a Bicycle Rotation Motion Translation Motion Therefore, a bicycle transforms its motion from: Rotation Motion into Translation Motion.

30. Different Types of Motion Transmission Systems

31. Motion Transformation Systems • Is theThe ability of one mechanism to CHANGE the nature of motion in another mechanism. Example: C-Clamp Rotation Motion Translation Motion

32. Rack and Pinion Steering Rack and Pinion: Rotation Motion Translation Motion

33. Cam and Follower Rotational Motion Alternating Translation Motion

34. Major Examples of Motion Transmission Systems Clock Towers have 4 types of motion transmission systems in use. • Belt and Pulley • Gears • Friction Gears • Wheel and Worm Gear Any Mechanical Functions? Links? Guiding Controls? Lubrication? Seals? Supports? Type of Motion Transformation? Translation Motion Rotational Motion

35. Personal Questions Pg. 371 Synergy; Questions: 1-7, 10-12.