Teaching Advanced Phonics with the Seven Syllable Types. Cynthia Santosuosso October 17, 2013. Objectives. Examine the seven syllables types Choose appropriate cutting patterns when teaching syllabication Determine how learned skills will be applied in the classroom setting. Agenda.
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Teaching Advanced Phonics with the Seven Syllable Types
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Objectives • Examine the seven syllables types • Choose appropriate cutting patterns when teaching syllabication • Determine how learned skills will be applied in the classroom setting
Agenda • Background on syllables • The seven syllable types and 5 cutting patterns • Classroom application
Facts about Predictability in Spelling • 50% of words are predictable by rule. • 36% of words are predictable by rule with one error. • 10% of words will be predictable with word origin and morphology taken into account. • Fewer than 4% of words are true oddities. • From Hanna, Hanna, Hodges, and Rudorf (1966)
Why Teach Syllables? • To “chunk” unfamiliar words accurately and quickly: reincarnation; accomplishment • To distinguish similar words: scarred – scary ripping – ripening slimmer – slimy • To remember spelling: written, writing grapple, maple misspelled, accommodate
Speech and Writing are Different • The syllable breaks that seem natural in speech do not guide conventions for dividing written syllables. • Syllable spelling patterns are cues to vowel pronunciation (short, long, diphthong). scared /scarred biter/ bitter
K-1 Phonics • Consonants • Digraphs • Short vowels • Silent e • Initial and final consonant blends • R-controlled vowels • Vowel teams • Dipthongs • Open/closed syllables • Multi-syllable words
What is a syllable? • “A syllable is a word or a part of a word with one talking vowel.” • -Project Read
Rules about syllables • Every syllable has one vowel sound • The number of vowel sounds in a word equals the number of syllables. • A one syllable word is never divided. • weak, feet, choice
Syllable Type: Closed • A closed syllable is a syllable that ends in a consonant sound or sounds. It usually has a short vowel sound. Sample words with closed syllables: staff ab / sent kit / ten it • Closed syllables account for almost half of the syllable types in text! This skill is introduced first, in grade 1. • We mark a the short vowel in a closed syllable with a breve ˘
VCCV • The vccv pattern is usually cut between the two consonants. 1. Underline the talking vowels and mark them with a (v). 2. Swoop between the vowels and pull down the consonants between the vowels. 3. Cut the word according to the pattern. 4. Check the position of the vowel in each syllable and mark the vowel. 5. Read the word a syllable at a time and blend the syllables together.
Syllable Type: Open • An open syllable is a syllable that ends in a long vowel sound spelled with a single vowel letter. • Sample words with open syllables me no she i / dol ri / val ti / tle • We mark a long vowel sound with a macron ¯
VCV • The vcv pattern is often divided after the first vowel. It can also divide after the consonant. 1. Underline the talking vowels and mark them with a (v). 2. Swoop between the vowels and pull down the consonant between the vowels. 3. Cut the word according to the pattern, place a dotted line after the first vowel. 4. Check the position of the vowel in each syllable and mark the vowel. 5. Read the word a syllable at a time and blend the syllables together, adjust if necessary.
Syllable Type: Silent E • A Vowel-Consonant-e syllable includes a vowel immediately followed by one consonant and the silent letter e. • Sample words with Vowel-Consonant-e syllables: tune com / plete in / side note / book • Vowel-Consonant-e syllables generally have long vowel sounds. To mark the silent e syllable, mark the long vowel with a macron, ¯, and slash the silent e, /.
Syllable Type: R-controlled • A vowel -r syllable includes vowels immediately followed by the letter r in the same syllable. • ar, or, er, ir, ur • Sample words with vowel -r syllables: car / pet mem / ber thir / sty im / port • The pronunciation of vowels within vowel -r syllables can be difficult for students. • To mark the r-controlled syllable, use a tilde, ~.
Syllable Type: -Cle • A consonant -le syllable ends with a consonant immediately followed by -le. Sample words with consonant -le syllables: lit / tle puz / zle spar / kle mud / dle • The pronunciation of consonant -le syllables helps students improve pronunciation and spelling. • To syllabicate, count back three from the end and mark. • To mark –cle, insert the schwa symbol and slash the silent e (/).
