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Introduction of Clean Fuel to Vehicle Emission Reductions

Introduction of Clean Fuel to Vehicle Emission Reductions. Integrated Vehicle Emission Reduction Strategy Workshop Jakarta, 16-18 October 2001. Kiyoyuki Minato Japan Automobile Research Institute. Energy. Global Warming. CO. ２. Air pollution. CO, HC, NOx. 2020. 2025. 1990. 1995.

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Introduction of Clean Fuel to Vehicle Emission Reductions

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  1. Introduction of Clean Fuel to Vehicle Emission Reductions Integrated Vehicle Emission Reduction Strategy Workshop Jakarta, 16-18 October 2001 Kiyoyuki Minato Japan Automobile Research Institute

  2. Energy Global Warming CO ２ Air pollution CO, HC, NOx 2020 2025 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 Year Current of Environmental ・Energy problem

  3. Air Pollution in Big Cities Source: WHO

  4. Comparison of Passenger car Emissions Standards ( Nitrogen Oxide (NOx) limits ) Useful Life (km) Tier 2 : 193,080km Euro4 : 100,000km New-Long : 80,000km Gasoline Diesel fuel Tier 1 Tier 1 Euro 3 NLEV NOx g/km NOx g/km Euro 3 New- short Euro 4 NLEV Euro 4 New- short New-long Tier 2 Tier 2 New-long Year Year

  5. Comparison of Heavy-Duty Diesel NOx & PM Standards ( NOx, PM limits g/k-Wh) NOx PM New-Short Euro 3 New-Short g/kw-hr g/kw-hr Euro 4 Euro 3 New-Long New-Long Euro 4 Year Year

  6. Implementation Rates for Conventional Vehicles In California Market Share (%) in California Year The percentage requirements for ZEVs are mandatory starting in 2003

  7. Goal is “Zero” EmissionsUS California (g/mile) NOx HC CBG Phase 3 LEV II LEV I

  8. Sulphur Free Fuels for Diesel Fuel Final target : sulphur free Maximum sulphur content limits (ppm) Year

  9. World-Wide Fuels Harmonisation Regions of Asia, Europe and North America are now planning and implementing requirements for more stringent vehicle emissions control and reduced fuel consumption • Category 1 Markets with no or minimal requirements for emission control; based primarily on fundamental vehicle/engine performance concerns. • Category 2 Markets with stringent requirements for emission control or other market demands. For example, markets US Tier 0 or Tier 1, EURO 1 and 2 or equivalent emission standards.

  10. World-Wide Fuels Harmonisation • Category 3 Markets with advancedrequirements for emission control or other market demands. For example, markets requiring US California LEV,ULEV and EURO 3 and 4, or equivalent emission standards. • Category 4 Markets with further advanced requirements for emission control, to enable sophisticated NOx and PM after-treatment technologies. For example, markets requiring US California LEV-II, US Tier 2, EURO 4 in conjunction with increased fuel efficiency constraints or equivalent emission standards.

  11. Emission Standards in Asia

  12. Number of Vehicles and Environment Policy in Japan • Introduction 3-way Catalytic for passenger cars Sulpfur contents 1976 0.5% 1992 0.2% 1997 0.05% 2005 0.005% Truck/Bus Number of Vehicles (unit: million ) 1980 Phased out Lead Gasoline 1978 Emissions Standards (the most rigorous in the world) 1973 Emission Standards start 1970 HC Control 1966 CO Control Passenger cars 1951 Motor Vehicle I&M Year

  13. Trends in SO2 CO NMHC Concentration in Japan Annual Average SO2 Conc. ppm Annual Average CO, NMHC Conc. ppm, ppmC F.Y. Average at Roadside Air Pollution Monitoring Stations Government data

  14. Proposition in Asia Countries • Improved Vehicle Inspection • Improved Cleaner Fuels • phase out leaded gasoline • reduction of sulfur contents 3. Improved Vehicle Emissions Standards 4. Promotion for Clean Fuel Vehicles CNG,EV, etc

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