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Parliament limits the English Monarchy

Chapter 5 -Section 5 . Parliament limits the English Monarchy. Reminder: Parliament. A legislative group whose purpose was to advise the king. Originally started as the nobility Gained protection with the signing of the Magna Carta

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Parliament limits the English Monarchy

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  1. Chapter 5-Section 5

    Parliament limits the English Monarchy

  2. Reminder: Parliament A legislative group whose purpose was to advise the king. Originally started as the nobility Gained protection with the signing of the Magna Carta Still exists today and served as a model of our bicameral Congress
  3. English Royalty: Succession Henry VIII> Edward>Mary> Elizabeth I (Anglican Church) Elizabeth left no heir, so James, King of Scotland became king of England (cousin) Quarreled with Parliament over taxes and purifying Anglican Church
  4. Charles I Fights Parliament James’ son Charles takes power Charles needed lots of $ because he was at war with Spain and France Parliament refused to raise taxes He disbanded (fired) Parliament.
  5. He really needed the Money… So he reinstates Parliament again They refuse to do anything unless he agrees to Petition of Right: No imprisoning of subjects without due cause (good reason) No levying (creating) taxes without Parliament’s consent No housing soldiers in private homes No imposing martial law in peacetime (strict rules) This set forth the idea that law was higher than the king.
  6. The downfall of Charles: English Civil War Charles continues to battle with Parliament He also offends Scots and Anglicans Scots threaten to invade England-Charles needs more $$$$ Charles is forced to flee to northern England=English Civil War now starts
  7. English Civil War Supporters of Charles=Cavaliers Supporters of Puritans/Parliament= Roundheads Oliver Cromwell=Leader of the Roundheads Cromwell captures the king and executes him 1st time a monarch faced a public trial and execution…
  8. Beheading of Charles I
  9. Beheading of Charles I
  10. Not much better than Charles… Cromwell abolished the monarchy and the House of Lords (part of Parliament) and sent the rest of Parliament home. A constitution is created but Cromwell tears it up Rules as a military dictator (different how?)
  11. Cromwell sticks it to the Irish He sends troops to Ireland to put down a revolt Ireland had been under English domination since the 1100’s Fighting, plague, and famine killed hundreds of thousands of Irish
  12. Restoration and Revolution Cromwell strictly controlled society Promoted Puritan morality (very strict) Abolished: Dancing---------------------- Theater Sporting events Catholicism
  13. Restoration and Revolution Cromwell dies Parliament is reinstated Charles II (son of Charles I) becomes king This is the RESTORATION of the monarchy
  14. What is Habeas Corpus? During Charles II reign, Parliament creates an important guarantee of freedom Habeas Corpus (to have the body) This law gave every prisoner the right to be brought before a judge who would decide if the person should be tried or set free. This protected people from being imprisoned by the king for no good reason (opposing him) It also prohibited being imprisoned indefinitely (forever) without a trial This would become an important part of our American judicial system
  15. Charles II Dies, James II becomes King James II is a Catholic (not very popular in England) Appoints Catholics to high office (not very popular) Parliament is dissolved when they protest People become afraid of a line of Catholic kings
  16. The Glorious REvolution Seven Parliament members “invite” Mary, James’ oldest daughter and wife of king of the Netherlands, to become Queen of England for the sake of Protestantism William leads army to London, James flees=Glorious (Bloodless) Revolution
  17. New attitudes about Absolutism Wm. And Mary agree to rule WITH Parliament Now England was an CONSTITUTIONAL MONARCHY Laws would limit the monarch’s power They create a Bill of Rights to set down limits
  18. No suspending of Parliament’s laws No levying (creating) taxes without permission from Parliament No interfering with freedom of speech in Parliament No penalty for a citizen who petitions the king about grievances (complaints) Now no king could rule without consent of Parliament Bill of Rights
  19. Disconnect between King and Parliament Sometimes, the king and Parliament would not agree The king would have advisors, or cabinet positions, to serve as go-between These cabinet members slowly assumed more governing power and today, the English government is run by a prime minister (#1 cabinet job) British Prime Minister David Cameron
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