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Exploring Ethical Behavior: Theories, Questions, and Applications in Business and Society

This study investigates the nature of ethical behavior, its measurement, and how we learn to embody it. It categorizes ethical theories into consequentialism—which emphasizes outcomes such as utilitarianism—and deontological ethics, particularly Kantian principles focused on duty and moral law. Critical questions guide our understanding, including the essence of happiness, the inherent goodness of people, and their natural rights. By examining these theories, we aim to equip individuals and organizations with a framework for ethical decision-making in today's complex societal landscape.

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Exploring Ethical Behavior: Theories, Questions, and Applications in Business and Society

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  1. OBE 117 BUSINESS AND SOCIETY

  2. ETHICAL REASONING

  3. CRITICAL QUESTIONS? • What Is Ethical Behavior? • How Do We Measure It? • How Do We Learn How to Do It?

  4. CATEGORIZATION OF ETHICAL THEORIES • CONSEQUENTIALISM • DEONTOLOGICAL • HUMAN NATURE

  5. CRITICAL QUESTIONS? • WHAT IS HAPPINESS? • CAN ATTRIBUTES OF HAPPINESS BE RANKED? IF SO RANK THEM

  6. CONSEQUENTIALISM • Jeremy Bentham, John Stuart Mill (Greatest balance of pleasure and unhappiness • ETHICAL EGOISM • Maximizes My Good, Harms Me Least • UTILITARIANISM • Greatest Good To The Greatest Number • Act - Each Person Benefit Community By Their Action • Rule - Create General Rule

  7. CRITICAL QUESTIONS? • WHAT IS DUTY? • ARE PEOPLE INHERENTLY GOOD? • DO HUMANS HAVE NATURAL RIGHTS?

  8. DEONTOLOGICAL • KANTIAN • Good Will - Action freely motivated for right reason • Duty - Reason Guides Will. Duty is an act done simply for the sake of what is right. • Knowledge of Duty - Determined not from local law or custom, but from respect for all rational beings and from universal principles

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