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Children’s SWB after Tsunami 2004: A Study in Tamil Nadu/India

Children’s SWB after Tsunami 2004: A Study in Tamil Nadu/India. Four Years Post-Tsunami: Long-Term Effects of Trauma on Children aged 8-17 – A Culture-Sensitive Approach. Marie Curie International Outgoing Fellowship under the 7th Framework Programme of the European Commission.

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Children’s SWB after Tsunami 2004: A Study in Tamil Nadu/India

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  1. Children’s SWB after Tsunami 2004: A Study in Tamil Nadu/India Four Years Post-Tsunami: Long-Term Effects of Trauma on Children aged 8-17 – A Culture-Sensitive Approach Marie Curie International Outgoing Fellowship under the 7th Framework Programme of the European Commission Dr. Silvia Exenberger-Vanham & Ao. Univ. Prof. Dr. Barbara Juen

  2. Co-operation Marie Curie International Outgoing Fellowship under the 7th Framework Programme of the European Commission

  3. Four years post-tsunami: Long-term effects of trauma in children aged 8-17 – a culture-sensitive approach • Shifting paradigms – symptoms, problems and resources of children and their mothers • Assignment of culture-sensitive measurements – formulation of indicators of psychosocial well-being • Mental health and psychosocial support over long periods of time – development of a training that focuses on strengthening resilience in children Main focus of the project: Marie Curie International Outgoing Fellowship under the 7th Framework Programme of the European Commission

  4. Aim of the present study Development of indicators of children’s subjective well-being in the given sub-culture after 2004 tsunami from a child’s and caregiver’s perspective. Marie Curie International Outgoing Fellowship under the 7th Framework Programme of the European Commission

  5. Research questions • Which indicators determine subjective well-being amongst children in Tamil Nadu after 2004 tsunami? What contributes to the children’s well-being? • What is the concept of the mothers of their children’s subjective well-being? • What is the children’s concept of their subjective well-being? • Which indicators are cultural specific? Marie Curie International Outgoing Fellowship under the 7th Framework Programme of the European Commission

  6. Definition of subjective well-being Subjective well-being A Person is said to have subjective well-being if s/he experiences life satisfaction and frequent joy, and only infrequently experiences unpleasant emotions such as sadness or anger (Diener, Suh, & Oishi, 1997, p.25). • Children associate well-being as positive feeling states such as happiness, excitement, peacefulness or calm – some integrate anger and sadness (Fattore, Mason, & Watson 2007) • “well” described as “feeling good, being happy and able to live your life to the full”(NicGabhainn & Sixsmith, 2005) Marie Curie International Outgoing Fellowship under the 7th Framework Programme of the European Commission

  7. Method[sample children & mothers] 112 tsunami-affected children aged 8-17 either living with their parent(s) or in family-based out-of-home care 56 adults, biological mothers (42) and caregivers of family-based out-of-home care (14) Marie Curie International Outgoing Fellowship under the 7th Framework Programme of the European Commission

  8. A culture-sensitive approach: development of a list of indicators of children‘s SWB 112 children(villages & SOS) 56 mothers(villages & SOS) Focus groups behaviour of children happy Mothers giveanswers Children give answers children’s (un)happiness unhappy coping coping Transcription of focus groups Analysis on the basis of the qualitative research methodology “Grounded Theory” 5 domains, 12 categories, 50 sub-categories Categories: academic life, appreciation, civic life, family, SOS family, peers, social skills, coping, nature, tsunami, health, materialism

  9. A culture-sensitive approach: development of a list of indicators of children‘s SWB 112 children(villages & SOS) 56 mothers(villages & SOS) Focus groups behaviour of children happy Mothers giveanswers children’s(un)happiness Children give answers unhappy coping coping List of indicators of children’s well-being with 64 statements List of indicators of children’s well-being with 17 statements List of indicators of children’s well-being with 72 statements for mothers to answer about their children

  10. Results

  11. Factor analysis [mothers’ data] • Principal component analysis (PCA)  on 17 items with orthogonal rotation (varimax) • KMO = .717  sampling adequate for the analysis • Bartlett’s test of sphericityχ2 (136) = 1111,36, p < .001 • N = 333

  12. Mothers’ concept of children’s well-being Fear of *natural changes like full moon*peculiar sounds*rumours about tsunami*unexpected behaviour Fear of *playing at beach*taking bath in sea*going to sea Child*getting praised often*has good concentration*has faith in studies *clinging*sleeping disturbances*withdrawal Child*is supportive towards mother*is taking advice*shares sorrows with family members Having some close friends

  13. Factor analysis [children’s data] • Principal component analysis (PCA)  on 64 items with orthogonal rotation (varimax) • KMO = .706  sampling adequate for the analysis • Bartlett’s test of sphericityχ2 (2016) = 6580,58, p < .001 • N = 290

  14. Children’s concept of their own well-being *often quarrelling *being laughed at*getting teased a lot*having often fights *scoring good marks*good relationship to teacher*getting praised often*concrete plans for the future *still haunted by thoughts about tsunami*fear of: natural changes, term of tsunami & peculiar sounds*fear of going to sea, & taking bath in sea *having some close friends*distraction*nature – help to overcome sad moments*loves nature itself and being in nature *likes sportive activities*likes going on tour*is taking part at festivals*likes to show talents *getting beaten and scolded*getting upset by proximate and distal affairs *follows advices*goes to the temple*cares for environment

  15. Factor analysis [mothers’& children’s data] • Principal component analysis (PCA)  on 72 items with orthogonal rotation (varimax) • KMO = .713  sampling adequate for the analysis • Bartlett’s test of sphericityχ2 (2556) = 7892,42, p < .001 • N = 288

  16. Mothers’ & children’s concept of children’s well-being *loves nature itself & being in nature*speaks with elder people to overcome sadness *fear of: natural changes, term of tsunami & peculiar sounds *fear of going to sea*still haunted by thoughts about tsunami *often quarrelling*being laughed at*getting teased a lot*withdrawal *scoring good marks*good relationship to teacher*getting praised often*has faith in studies*concrete plans for the future *likes to play with friends*having some close friends*likes being at home *likes sportive activities*likes going on tour*likes to show talents*likes to take part in programmes *follows advices*goes to the temple*supportive towards mother

  17. Discussion

  18. Comparison of mothers’ & children’sconceptof children’s well-being

  19. mothers’ concept mothers & children children’s concept

  20. withdrawal,quarrelling,fighting Love for nature & orientation on elder people friends,playfulness,happy at home

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