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Gladiators & Games. UFC is for wimps. Origins. Etruscans Funeral “games” 216 BC – first Roman ones – 3 days of games Often during military campaigns or wars to raise morale Eventually accompanied by a feast “Given” by everyone from local politicians to the emperor. Gladiators.
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Gladiators & Games UFC is for wimps
Origins • Etruscans • Funeral “games” • 216 BC – first Roman ones – 3 days of games • Often during military campaigns or wars to raise morale • Eventually accompanied by a feast • “Given” by everyone from local politicians to the emperor
Gladiators • Often slaves & POWs • Volunteers allowed • Trained in a school (ludus) • Lanistae • “Nosmorituritesalutamus” • Usually kinda chubby… • Wooden sword – rudis
Kinds of Gladiators • Several variations • Romans vs. non-Romans
The Colosseum • Flavian Amphitheatre; 80 A.D. • Colossus of Nero nearby -> Colosseum • Seated 50,000 –1/2 of NeylandStadium • Besides gladiatorial games: • Venationes • Naumachiae • Public Executions
Architectural Features • 80 entrances; 3 levels = 240 arches • All 3 kinds of ancient columns • Velarium – awning • Hypogeum – underground; trapdoors
PolliceVerSo • Defeated gladiator couldbe killed or spared • Victor asks crowd • Emperor/giver of thegames has the final say • Pollice verso =“with thumb turned” • Victories and times spared recorded like amodern athlete’s stats • Reported on gravestone • Popular and successfulgladiators would be morelikely to be spared
Panem & Circenses • “Bread and games” • Appeasement of the masses through food and entertainment • Abandonment of civic duty by the masses • Moral and political decline • “Panem” is from what? • What are some other similarities?