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Day 21: Ceramics

Day 21: Ceramics. Inorganic & Nonmetallic. Compounds between metallic and non-metallic elements Traditional: Clay based bricks, tiles, china, porcelain, and glasses Engineering: High tech materials useful in high strength applications, take advantage of the unique properties.

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Day 21: Ceramics

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  1. Day 21: Ceramics • Inorganic & Nonmetallic. Compounds between metallic and non-metallic elements • Traditional: Clay based bricks, tiles, china, porcelain, and glasses • Engineering: High tech materials useful in high strength applications, take advantage of the unique properties

  2. Nature of Ceramics • Bonding is ionic and covalent mix. These are extremely strong bonds. This leads to high melting point, high strength and high modulus of elasticity. • Crystallinity is complex. Different sizes of atoms. Charge conservation. This makes slip, so common in metallic crystals, practically impossible. Also leads to less efficient packing, and lower density.

  3. Good Properties • Strength and Hardness • High Temperature Resistance • Resistance to Corrosion • Low Density

  4. Challenge • Brittleness. The problem is that these materials have ductility, fracture toughness, and great flaw sensitivity. • BUT, we know that it is possible to use brittle materials, provided that we do so in an intelligent way.

  5. Why Use Ceramics for Structural Applications, I.E. Turbocharger Rotor? • High temperature resistance (hot exhaust gases) • Low coefficient of thermal expansion (small blade tip clearance) • Low mass (low polar moment of inertia for fast spin up) • Durability (survive over 100,000 miles) • Low cost (need willing purchasers)

  6. http://global.kyocera.com/application/automotive/auto_engine/turbo.htmlhttp://global.kyocera.com/application/automotive/auto_engine/turbo.html

  7. Table 1.1 Turbocharger Rotor Materials (data from Callister)

  8. Figure 1.2 Comparison of wide-open throttle acceleration for ceramic and metal turbocharger rotors, 2.3 liter engine - Zephyr test vehicle. (Wachtman, 1989)

  9. Overview of Advantages of Ceramics • temperature resistance • high hardness • low density • corrosion resistance

  10. Special Design Considerations for Ceramics • brittleness • difficulty of manufacture.

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