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Funeral Transportation

Funeral Transportation. Abraham Lincoln’s Funeral Train 1865. Readings Question #1 (Page 234) (Plate 50B). What are the French and Latin origins for the word hearse? Describe the first hearse. Early Methods.

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Funeral Transportation

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  1. Funeral Transportation Abraham Lincoln’s Funeral Train 1865

  2. Readings Question #1(Page 234) (Plate 50B) • What are the French and Latin origins for the word hearse? Describe the first hearse.

  3. Early Methods • bier (bear): “forerunner of today’s hearse; a hand stretcher on which the uncoffined body was carried to the grave” • horse-drawn carts: 1648 “hearse on wheels”

  4. Colonial Hearses • Page 235 • wagon • horse-drawn hearses • “Gentleman’s Coaches” • “liverymen” • 1787: American funeral hearses (Plate 50C) • early pioneer: simple (Plate 51A)

  5. Hearses with Horses1850 - 1910 • Page 237 • Civil War (1861): impact on style of hearses • styles of hearse would change every 15 yrs. • “wear and tear” significant • Readings Question #2: (Page 240) • Compare and contrast the hearse of the 1850’s with the hearse used during the Civil War. (Plate 51B and 51C)

  6. President Lincoln’s Funeral Car1865

  7. Funeral Car Innovators(Page 241) • James Cunningham: (Plates 51D & 52) - rectangular ,“four-poster” - “hip” roof - 5 urns - gilded column at each corner 1884: “hearse” outdated, instead “funeral car”

  8. Funeral Car Innovators(Page 241) • Hudson Samson: 1889 • 8 column, oval-decked funeral car • similar style with 6 columns • 1898: all funeral directors had “8 column” model • 1898: funeral car with carved drapery over the entire car body (resembling a pall) (Plate 52A) • became dominant style within 10 years

  9. Funeral Car Innovators (Page 241) • Crane and Breed: • 1893: Chicago World’s Fair (Plate 54) • large with church-like design • massive carvings and gildings with gold lamps • weighed 2400 pounds • drawn by 8 horses • not intended for use in America • used for funeral of Chicago’s assassinated mayor Carter H. Harrison (right after the Chicago Fair)

  10. Gas and Electric Vehicles(Page 244) • 1885: Baltimore- electric street railway Readings Question #3: Describe the first trolley funeral car. “a specially designed train car run on a city’s trolley line to transport casket and mourners to cemeteries on the outskirts of the city”

  11. Gasoline-powered Hearses • Page 245 • Fred Hulberg: 1908 NYC (Plate 55) • Page 246 • Crane and Breed Manufacturing Company: 1909 “auto-hearse” (Plate 56 A & B)

  12. Other Funeral Vehicles • Ambulance: 1909 (Page 245) (Plate 56D) • Undertaker’s Buggy: “vehicle used by undertakers to transport the necessary mortuary paraphernalia to the homes where funerals were typically held….had an appearance similar to a hearse, but were much less ornate” (Plate 56C) • Limousine: early 1920’s (Plate 58A)

  13. Hearse Sizes and Colors(Page 252) • up to Civil War: black • after the war increase in length and width • children: white • larger funeral cars: darker colors • most popular: black • light-grey: carved hearses • World War I: black then grey

  14. Cadillac Hearses 1930 1938

  15. National Coach 1957

  16. Transportation of Flowers(Page 255) • regular hearses equipped with special trays or receptacles • first flower cars: 7 passenger touring cars • emergence of vans and other converted vehicles

  17. Readings Question #4 • How did the evolution of funeral transportation influence the responsibilities of the funeral director? Lincoln’s Funeral Procession

  18. Future Transportation?????

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