A Systematic, Multi-Criteria Decision Support Framework for Sustainable Drainage Design

1. photo's courtesy of www.pptbackgrounds.net Jo-fai Chow, Dragan Savić, David Fortune, Zoran Kapelan, Netsanet Mebrate A Systematic, Multi-Criteria Decision Support Framework for Sustainable Drainage Design You can download this presentation from http://tinyurl.com/chow-iahr2013

2. About this Presentation 02 of 14 slides • Background • Multiple Benefits (Green Values) of Sustainable Drainage Systems • Systematic Evaluation Framework with Application Examples • Maximising Multiple Benefits • Conclusions

3. Background 03 of 14 slides Water Quantity • Trends in Drainage Industry • Moving towards a sustainable approach Water Quality Traditional & Biased Approach Water Quality Water Quantity Other Benefits Sustainable & Balanced Approach

4. Background 03 of 14 slides Water Quantity • Trends in Drainage Industry • Moving towards a sustainable approach • Challenge • Lack of commonly agreed standard for sustainable drainage design Water Quality Traditional & Biased Approach Water Quality Water Quantity Other Benefits Sustainable & Balanced Approach

5. Background 03 of 14 slides Water Quantity • Trends in Drainage Industry • Moving towards a sustainable approach • Challenge • Lack of commonly agreed standard for sustainable drainage design • Objective • To develop a new decision support system for sustainable drainage design Water Quality Traditional & Biased Approach Water Quality Water Quantity Other Benefits Sustainable & Balanced Approach

6. Background 03 of 14 slides Water Quantity • Trends in Drainage Industry • Moving towards a sustainable approach • Challenge • Lack of commonly agreed standard for sustainable drainage design • Objective • To develop a new decision support system for sustainable drainage design • Collaboration • Funded by EPSRC and XP Solutions • Supervised by Uni.of Exeter, XP Solutions and STREAM IDC Water Quality Traditional & Biased Approach Water Quality Water Quantity Other Benefits Sustainable & Balanced Approach

7. Green Values (Multiple Benefits) of Sustainable Drainage Systems 04 of 14 slides • Water Quantity Reduction • Runoff reduction, flood risk mgt., re-use photo's courtesy of XP Solutions photo's courtesy of ReneCreate

8. Green Values (Multiple Benefits) of Sustainable Drainage Systems 04 of 14 slides • Water Quantity Reduction • Runoff reduction, flood risk mgt., re-use • Water Quality Improvement • On-site treatment photo's courtesy of XP Solutions photo's courtesy of ReneCreate photo's courtesy of roanokeoutside.com photo's courtesy of EMPowerHouse photo's courtesy of nzconservation.wordpress.com

9. Green Values (Multiple Benefits) of Sustainable Drainage Systems 04 of 14 slides • Water Quantity Reduction • Runoff reduction, flood risk mgt., re-use • Water Quality Improvement • On-site treatment • Environmental Impact • Cleaner water & air, amenity, biodiversity, recreation, community photo's courtesy of XP Solutions photo's courtesy of ReneCreate photo's courtesy of roanokeoutside.com photo's courtesy of EMPowerHouse photo's courtesy of nzconservation.wordpress.com photo's courtesy of Arup photo's courtesy of Polypipe

10. Green Values (Multiple Benefits) of Sustainable Drainage Systems 04 of 14 slides • Water Quantity Reduction • Runoff reduction, flood risk mgt., re-use • Water Quality Improvement • On-site treatment • Environmental Impact • Cleaner water & air, amenity, biodiversity, recreation, community • Energy Saving • Less cooling/heating, reduced carbon footprint photo's courtesy of XP Solutions photo's courtesy of ReneCreate photo's courtesy of roanokeoutside.com photo's courtesy of EMPowerHouse photo's courtesy of nzconservation.wordpress.com photo's courtesy of Arup photo's courtesy of Polypipe photo's courtesy of gregwalcher.wordpress.com photo's courtesy of china.org.cn

11. Green Values (Multiple Benefits) of Sustainable Drainage Systems 04 of 14 slides • Water Quantity Reduction • Runoff reduction, flood risk mgt., re-use • Water Quality Improvement • On-site treatment • Environmental Impact • Cleaner water & air, amenity, biodiversity, recreation, community • Energy Saving • Less cooling/heating, reduced carbon footprint • Green Image of Business photo's courtesy of XP Solutions photo's courtesy of ReneCreate photo's courtesy of roanokeoutside.com photo's courtesy of EMPowerHouse photo's courtesy of nzconservation.wordpress.com photo's courtesy of Arup photo's courtesy of Polypipe photo's courtesy of gregwalcher.wordpress.com photo's courtesy of china.org.cn photo's courtesy of Deloitte

12. Quantifying Green Values:From Good Feelings to Real Numbers 05 of 14 slides Calculations based on previous research projects and case studies. For more information: Conference Paper This presentation online (tinyurl.com/greenvalues)

13. Putting the Numbers Together: A Systematic Evaluation Framework 06 of 14 slides

14. Information from a typical drainage model (e.g. Type, Size, Location) Putting the Numbers Together: A Systematic Evaluation Framework 06 of 14 slides

15. Four main categories of performance measures. Putting the Numbers Together: A Systematic Evaluation Framework 06 of 14 slides

16. Key performance indicators (KPIs) calculated for each infrastructure. Putting the Numbers Together: A Systematic Evaluation Framework 06 of 14 slides

17. Using physical attributes & location of infrastructures to calculate costs. Putting the Numbers Together: A Systematic Evaluation Framework 06 of 14 slides

18. Calculate monetary measures of benefits based on KPIs. Putting the Numbers Together: A Systematic Evaluation Framework 06 of 14 slides

19. Consider costs and benefits over the design life of systems. Putting the Numbers Together: A Systematic Evaluation Framework 06 of 14 slides

20. Putting the Numbers Together: A Systematic Evaluation Framework 06 of 14 slides Drainage Model Costs Monetary Benefits Multiple Benefits Cost-Benefit Analysis

21. Using the Framework – Inputs:Components in a Drainage Design Model 07 of 14 slides photo's courtesy of XP Solutions Permeable Paving Bioretention Bioretention Wetland Flow Swale Swale

22. Using the Framework – Outputs:Operational and Capital Expenditure 08 of 14 slides

23. Using the Framework – Outputs:Operational and Capital Expenditure 08 of 14 slides Swales are relatively cheap to build and maintain.

24. Using the Framework – Outputs:Operational and Capital Expenditure 08 of 14 slides Permeable paving costs a lot more to build and maintain.

25. Using the Framework – Outputs:Operational and Capital Expenditure 08 of 14 slides Question: can the costs be justified?

26. Using the Framework – Outputs:Key Performance Measures 09 of 14 slides

27. Permeable paving can effectively reduce runoff via infiltration Using the Framework – Outputs:Key Performance Measures 09 of 14 slides … but it does not add amenity value to the community.

28. At a fraction of the cost, swales can provide moderate runoff reduction Using the Framework – Outputs:Key Performance Measures 09 of 14 slides and increase the amenity value as a result of the green surface areas.

29. Using the Framework – Outputs:Key Performance Measures 09 of 14 slides Each technique has its own advantages and disadvantages Goal: moving away from subjective opinions to a systematic comparison.

30. Let’s consider the sustainable design example discussed in previous slides again. Comparing Different Approaches: Sustainable vs. Traditional 10 of 14 slides Permeable Paving Bioretention Bioretention Wetland Swale Swale photo's courtesy of allbiz What if we replace the swales and wetland with storage tanks?

31. Let’s consider the sustainable design example discussed in previous slides again. Comparing Different Approaches: Sustainable vs. Traditional 10 of 14 slides Permeable Paving Bioretention Bioretention Wetland Storage Tank Swale Swale photo's courtesy of allbiz What if we replace the swales and wetland with storage tanks?

32. Let’s consider the sustainable design example discussed in previous slides again. Comparing Different Approaches: Sustainable vs. Traditional 10 of 14 slides Permeable Paving Bioretention Bioretention Wetland Question: is it worth considering the green approach after all? What do you think? Storage Tank Swale Swale photo's courtesy of allbiz What if we replace the swales and wetland with storage tanks?

33. Comparing Different Approaches: Sustainable vs. Traditional 11 of 14 slides

34. Comparing Different Approaches: Sustainable vs. Traditional 11 of 14 slides Sustainable approach can provide multiple benefits in addition to water management.

35. Comparing Different Approaches: Sustainable vs. Traditional 11 of 14 slides Sustainable approach costs about the same to operate, much less to build yet a lot more for the land occupied when compared to traditional approach.

36. In this case, the framework suggests similar long-term costs for both approaches. Comparing Different Approaches: Sustainable vs. Traditional 11 of 14 slides

37. Comparing Different Approaches: Sustainable vs. Traditional 11 of 14 slides (Let me repeat the key message again…) Each technique has its own advantages and disadvantages. Goal: moving away from subjective opinions to a systematic, evidence-based comparison.

38. Going Beyond Evaluation:Maximising Multiple Benefits 12 of 14 slides • Design Consideration: • Legislative Requirements

39. Going Beyond Evaluation:Maximising Multiple Benefits 12 of 14 slides • Design Consideration: • Legislative Requirements • Location

40. Going Beyond Evaluation:Maximising Multiple Benefits 12 of 14 slides • Design Consideration: • Legislative Requirements • Location • Sizing

41. Going Beyond Evaluation:Maximising Multiple Benefits 12 of 14 slides • Design Consideration: • Legislative Requirements • Location • Sizing • Type & Order ? ? ? ? ? ?

42. Going Beyond Evaluation:Maximising Multiple Benefits 12 of 14 slides • Design Consideration: • Legislative Requirements • Location • Sizing • Type & Order • Identifying Trade-offs: • Financial Consideration • Multiple Benefits ? ? ? ? ? ?

43. Going Beyond Evaluation:Maximising Multiple Benefits 12 of 14 slides • Design Consideration: • Legislative Requirements • Location • Sizing • Type & Order • Identifying Trade-offs: • Financial Consideration • Multiple Benefits • Multi-objective optimisation photo's courtesy of bfrss.org.uk photo's courtesy of BME Imaging ? ? ? photo's courtesy of XP Solutions ? ? ? photo's courtesy of University of Sheffield

44. Conclusions 13 of 14 slides • Challenges: lack of commonly agreed standard for sustainable drainage design.

45. Conclusions 13 of 14 slides • Challenges: lack of commonly agreed standard for sustainable drainage design. • Aim: to develop a new decision support system.

46. Conclusions 13 of 14 slides • Challenges: lack of commonly agreed standard for sustainable drainage design. • Aim: to develop a new decision support system. • Why green infrastructures? Because they can offer multiple benefits in addition to water management.

47. Conclusions 13 of 14 slides • Challenges: lack of commonly agreed standard for sustainable drainage design. • Aim: to develop a new decision support system. • Why green infrastructures? Because they can offer multiple benefits in addition to water management. • Quantifying green values with KPIs and monetary measures.

48. Conclusions 13 of 14 slides • Challenges: lack of commonly agreed standard for sustainable drainage design. • Aim: to develop a new decision support system. • Why green infrastructures? Because they can offer multiple benefits in addition to water management. • Quantifying green values with KPIs and monetary measures. • A systematic evaluation framework – a better tool for optioneering.

49. Conclusions 13 of 14 slides • Challenges: lack of commonly agreed standard for sustainable drainage design. • Aim: to develop a new decision support system. • Why green infrastructures? Because they can offer multiple benefits in addition to water management. • Quantifying green values with KPIs and monetary measures. • A systematic evaluation framework – a better tool for optioneering. • Integration with multi-objective optimisation – encourage the consideration of multiple benefits.

50. Conclusions 13 of 14 slides • Challenges: lack of commonly agreed standard for sustainable drainage design. • Aim: to develop a new decision support system. • Why green infrastructures? Because they can offer multiple benefits in addition to water management. • Quantifying green values with KPIs and monetary measures. • A systematic evaluation framework – a better tool for optioneering. • Integration with multi-objective optimisation – encourage the consideration of multiple benefits. • Research outputs for industrial sponsor: new features in their drainage design software suite.