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Exploring Ideologies: Foundations of Identity and the Viability of Liberalism

This course review delves into the fundamental concepts of ideology and identity, comparing individualism and collectivism. It examines classical liberalism's roots, principles, and key figures, such as Hobbes, Locke, and Rousseau, alongside the impact of historical movements like the American and French Revolutions. The course also addresses contemporary challenges to liberal thought, including environmentalism and feminism. Students will engage with political and economic systems, assess citizenship roles in a democracy, and prepare with practice questions to solidify their understanding of liberal principles.

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Exploring Ideologies: Foundations of Identity and the Viability of Liberalism

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Presentation Transcript

  1. Course Review

  2. Unit 1: Should Ideology be the Foundation of Identity? • Ideology define describe-sources of identity types/themes/characteristics (48/51) • The characteristics of Individualism (page 71 traits) • The characteristics of collectivism (page 87 on examples) • Political and Economic Spectrum • Individualism and the Common Good • Ideology and the Individual • For each topic understand and recall and example

  3. Practice Questions • Related Issue 1

  4. Unit 2: To What Extent is Resistance to Liberalism Justified? The Roots of Classical Liberalism • Baron de Montesquieu (1689-1755) • Enlightenment/humanism/age or reason • Principles of CL (page 107) • Social Contract Theory • Thomas Hobbes (1588-1679) • John Locke (1632-1704) • Jean-Jacques Rousseau (1712-1778)

  5. The application of Classical Liberalism • Classical Liberal Economics: Adam Smith (1723-1790) • Capitalism: Laissez-Faire Economics • The American Revolution and the Aboriginal Contribution • The French Revolution • The Industrial Revolution

  6. Ideological Systems That Rejected/Opposed Principles of Liberalism • Luddites • Chartists • Socialists • Marxism • Classical Conservatism • Soviet Communism • Nazism

  7. The Transition to Modern Liberalism • Conservativism: Edmond Burke (1729-1797) • Labour Movements • The rise of Socialism • Modern Liberalism: John Stuart Mill (1806- 1873) • Roosevelt’s Progressivism (Taft and Sherman Anti-Trust Act) • Roosevelt’s New Deal • Welfare Capitalism and the Welfare State • Modern Liberal Economics: John Maynard Keynes (1883-1946) • The ebb and flow • Reaganomics • Page 228 spectrum of economics

  8. How Ideological Conflict Shaped International Relations • The Cold War • Spheres of Influence • Non-Alignment • Containment and Deterrence • The Cuban Missile Crisis • Détente (NPT 1968, SALT I 1972, ABM Treaty 1972, SALT II 1979) • The end of the Cold War

  9. Contemporary Challenges to Liberal Thought • Environmentalism • Neoconservatism • Feminism • Aboriginal Collective Thought

  10. Practice Questions #2

  11. Unit 3: To What Extent Are the Principles of Liberalism Viable? Modern Political Systems • Consensus Decision-Making • Democracy (direct democracy, responsible govt) issue: solidarity, Practicality vs Popular Opinion, tyranny of the majority • Authoritarianism (Oligarchies, One-party States…) issue: propaganda, terror Modern Economic Systems • Traditional Economies • Free Market Economics • Command Economies • Mixed Economies

  12. Illiberal Practices in Liberal Democracies • Canada’s Aboriginal Peoples • Residential Schools • War Internment Camps Rights and Freedoms in Liberal Democracies • The Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms • The Quebec Charter of Human Rights and Freedoms • War Measures Act • Liberty and Security • The balance of individual and collective rights

  13. Practice questions #3

  14. Unit 4: Should My Actions As a Citizen be Shaped by an Ideology? World Views Worldviews and Ideologies Ideology and Citizenship • Conservative Party of Canada • Liberal Party of Canada • New Democratic Party of Canada • The Bloc Quebecois • The Green Party of Canada

  15. Rights, Roles, and Responsibilities in a Democratic Society • Responsibilities of Citizenship • Dissent • Civility • Political Participation • Citizen Advocacy

  16. Rights, Roles, and Responsibilities During Conflict • Humanitarian Crisis (Myanmar, tsunami) • Civil-Rights Movements • Anti-War Movements (Vietnam) • McCarthyism • Pro-Democracy Movements • Solidarity

  17. Practice Questions #4

  18. Know your weaknesses and study in preparation • Know what is expected (rubrics) • Study the Terms • Use the review packets to zero in on the main ideas and concepts • Memorize key quotes about Liberalism • Review key examples for each key idea • For example: The Cold War = Cuban Missile Crisis

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