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Prehistoric Art

Prehistoric Art. Paleolithic: Until about 10,000 BCE Neolithic: About 10,000-3000 BCE. Key Subjects: *Fertility *Spiritual Figures/Deities *Animals. Venus of Willendorf, 25,000 BCE. Cave wall painting, Lascaux, France, 15,000-13,000 BCE. Egypt. Old kingdom: 2940-2134 BCE

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Prehistoric Art

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  1. Prehistoric Art Paleolithic: Until about 10,000 BCE Neolithic: About 10,000-3000 BCE Key Subjects: *Fertility *Spiritual Figures/Deities *Animals Venus of Willendorf, 25,000 BCE

  2. Cave wall painting, Lascaux, France, 15,000-13,000 BCE

  3. Egypt Old kingdom: 2940-2134 BCE Middle kingdom: 2040-1640 BCE New kingdom: 1550-1070 BCE Major Themes: *Monuments *The Afterlife *The Pharaoh Pyramids at Giza, 2530-2570 BCE

  4. Palette of Kind Narmer, 3000-2920 BCE

  5. Mesopotamia Major Themes: *Cuneiform—”Wedge-shaped” writing system *Royalty *Religion Ziggurat, Ur, 2100 BCE (Neo-Sumerian)

  6. Victory Stele of Naram-Sin, 2254-2218 BCE Stele with Law Code of Hammurabi, 1780 BCE

  7. Cycladic Art Figures of musicians, Syros (Cyclades) 2500-2300 BCE

  8. Greece 2800-100 BCE Mycenae: 2300-1100 BCE Geometric period: 1100-700 BCE Orientalizing Phase: 735-650 BCE Archaic: 700-400 BCE Classical:480-325 BCE Hellenistic:323-330 BCE Kouros, 575-550 BCE “Archaic Smile”

  9. Exekias “Achilles and ajax playing a dice game” Black-figure amphora, 540-530 BCE

  10. Myron, “Discus thrower,” 450 BCE Polykleitos, “Spear Bearer,” 450-440 BCE

  11. Parthenon, Acropolis, Athens, Greece, 447-448 BCE

  12. Republic of Rome: 200-27 BCE Roman Empire: until 476 CE Rome 750 BCE- 476 CE Augustus as general, 20 BCE Equestrian Statue of Marcus Aurelius, 175 CE Portrait head of a Roman patrician, 75-50 BCE

  13. Pantheon, 118-125 CE Colosseum, 72-80 CE

  14. Basilica Nova (Basilica of Maxentius and Constantine,) 306-312 CE

  15. Byzantine Art Byzantine Empire: 500-1435 CE Hagia Sophia, Constantinople (Now it’s Istanbul ) 532-537

  16. Mosaic details from the interior of San Vitale, Ravenna, Italy, 526-247

  17. ICONS!

  18. Japan Jomon: 10, 500-300 BCE Yayoi: 300 BCE-300 CE Yayoi period Dotaku (cast-bronze bell) Jomon cord-marked coil pottery

  19. Other terms: Ukiyo-e Kami

  20. India Great Stupa, Sanchi, India 3rd century BCE--1st Century CE Mandala—sacred diagram of the universe

  21. Vishvanatha Temple, Khajuraho, India, 1000 CE

  22. China Army of the First Emperor of Qin, Lintong, China, 210 BCE

  23. Yangshao culture (northeastern China)– 5000-3000 BCE Earthenware and Stoneware pottery—patterned slip decoration

  24. Examples of Chinese painting, calligraphy, and poetry—the three are closely connected

  25. Medieval Art and Architecture Romanesque: 1000-1150 CE Gothic: 1100-1400 CE Major themes: Light Monastic traditions The quest for HEIGHT Relics & Pilgrimages Illumination Bayeux tapestry detail, 1073-1083 CE

  26. Abbey Church of Ste. Foy—Romanesque pilgrimage church Reims Cathedral—Gothic cathedral

  27. Islamic Art & Architecture Terms: *Minaret *Mihrab Cordoba Mezquita, Spain

  28. Stylized, flowing imagery from nature; calligraphic words and poetry Decorations without human figures!

  29. The Italian Renaissance Early Renaissance: 1400-1450 High Renaissance: 1495-1520 Major Themes: *Humanism *Greek influence *Naturalism; art and architecture informed by math and science Madonna and Child Enthroned, Giotto, 1310

  30. “David,” Michelangelo, 1504 “The Last Supper,” Leonardo da Vinci, 1495-97

  31. The Northern Renaissance 1350-1600 Major Themes: *Emerging merchant class *Oil paint *Genre painting “Arnolfini portrait,” Jan van Eyck, 1434

  32. Mannerism 1525-1600 A departure from the naturalism of the renaissance—Stylized, elongated figures and vivid, emotional colors. “The Holy Trinity,” El Greco, 1577-79 “Madonna of the Long Neck,” Parmigianino, 1534-40

  33. The Baroque 1590-1750 A response to the Protestant reformation. Characterized by strong diagonals, tenebrism, emotional intensity, and high DRAMA. “The Calling of St. Matthew,” Caravaggio, 1599-1600

  34. Rococo Art 18th Century France Delicate, playful, frivolous art and interior design. “The Swing,” Jean-Honore Fragonard, 1767

  35. Romanticism 1800-1850 Exploration of “The Sublime” “Saturn Devouring one of his Children,” Goya, 1819-23 “Youth” from The Voyage of Life, Thomas Cole, 1842

  36. A reaction to romanticism—commonplace scenes without exaggerated emotion. Realism Mid-19th Century “The Stone-Breakers,” Gustave Courbet, 1849-50

  37. Impressionism Late 19th, Early 20th Century Interested in capturing the ‘feel’ of a moment in time, not the finer details of a scene. “Impression, Sunrise,” Claude Monet, 1872

  38. Post-Impressionism Late 19th, Early 20th Century Expands upon and employs Impressionist techniques, but with different goals in mind—Emphasis on unnatural colors, geometric forms, and more expressive content. “Sunday Afternoon on the Island of La Grande Jatte,” Georges Seurat, 1884-86 “Vision After the Sermon,” Paul Gauguin, 1888

  39. African Art 7000 BCE—earliest tribal rock drawings and carvings, showing hunters and animals Key Characteristics: *Emphasis on the human figure *Sculptural art *Functional/Ritual artworks *Visual Abstraction Terra Cotta sculptures Nok culture: 500BCE-200CE (Nigeria)

  40. Wooden mask Dogon culture, Mali Cast bronze head Yoruba culture, Nigeria 12th century CE

  41. Cubism 1907-1920 “Violin and Candlestick,” Georges Braque, 1910 Analytic vs. Synthetic Representation of multiple surfaces and views of a subject in one image. “Les Demoiselles d’Avignon,” Pablo Picasso, 1907

  42. Dada 1916-1922 An anti-war movement that rejected and mocked the standards of art through multi-media, ‘anti-art’ productions. “Cut with the Dada Kitchen Knife through the Last Weimar Beer-Belly Cultural Epoch in Germany,” Hannah Hoch, 1919 “Fountain,” Marcel Duchamp, 1917

  43. Social Realism 1920-1940 Unglamorous images of social injustice, poverty, and the struggles of the working class. (Not to be confused with “Socialist Realism,” institutionalized by Josef Stalin at around the same time.) “Migrant Mother,” Dorothea Lange, 1936

  44. Abstract Expressionism 1945-1960 *Color Field & Action Painting *Emotionally charged, non-objective work “No. 5,” Jackson Pollock, 1948 “Red, Orange, tan, and Purple,” Mark Rothko, 1954

  45. Pop Art 1950-1960’s “Drowning Girl,” Roy Lichtenstein, 1953 Ironically employs imagery and techniques from popular mass culture, rather than the ‘elitist’ imagery associated with fine art. “One Hundred Cans,” Andy Warhol, 1962

  46. Postmodern and Contemporary Art 1960’s--present “Postmodern” is used for contemporary artworks that arise from, or react to, trends in modern art movements. *Installation Art *Conceptual Art *Neo-Expressionism *New Classicism “One and Three Chairs,” Joseph Kosuth, 1965

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