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Final Examination Review

Final Examination Review. Animal Adaptations. I. What is an adaptation?. Inherited trait (something you receive from your parents when you are born) Helps an animal survive Structural or behavioral Examples: rabbits’ long ears, bears’ thick fur coat, lions’ sharp claws.

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Final Examination Review

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  1. Final Examination Review Animal Adaptations

  2. I. What is an adaptation? • Inherited trait (something you receive from your parents when you are born) • Helps an animal survive • Structural or behavioral • Examples: rabbits’ long ears, bears’ thick fur coat, lions’ sharp claws

  3. II. Two Types of Adaptation 1. Structural: physical features of an animal (what they look like) • Examples • Camels’ transparent eyelids • Dolphins’ breathing holes • Bright colors on poisonous frogs • Porcupine fish’s spikes • Deer’s antlers

  4. 2. Behavioral: what animals DO that helps them survive • Examples • Bears hibernating • Porcupine fish gulping in air • Birds flying south • Frilled lizard opening up his mouth

  5. Both Structural & Behavioral Examples • Frilled lizard • Opening up his mouth (behavioral) • Big frills around his mouth (structural) • Porcupine fish • Gulping in water (behavioral) • Blowing up like a spiky balloon (structural)

  6. Learned Behavior • Adaptations are instinctive (you are born with it). Learned behavior is not instinctive (you are not born with it) • Learned behavior is LEARNED. • Example: training a dog to avoid cars

  7. Problem 1: Find Food • Adaptation to find food • Aardvark: strong claws, stiff hair on nose, tough skin, long and sticky tongue

  8. Problem 2: Don’t be food. • Bluffing: looking scarier and bigger to scare the predator • Example: Australian frilled lizard • Camouflage: blending in with the surrounding • Related to color (white moth on white bark) • Example: toad in murky water (brown in brown) • Mimicry: imitating(looking like) another animal • Example: hover fly looking like a wasp, caterpillar looking like a stick

  9. Problem 3: Fit in to a habitat • Habitat: the place where an animal lives • Examples: thick fat underneath sea lions’ skin, desert toad going dormant when there is no rain

  10. Variations • Variations: differences in animals • Example: finches have many different looking beaks depending on their food

  11. Alfred Wallace & Charles Darwin • They both came up with the idea of “the survival of the fittest.”

  12. Survival of the Fittest • Survival of the fittest: the strong ones have a better chance of survival • “fittest” does not always mean the fastest or the strongest. For sloths, being slow is a good thing. • The term is similar to “natural selection” • Natural selection: when only some animals survives after a natural event • Example: a cold winter kills mice • NOT an example: a dog breeder chooses only trainable dogs to breed

  13. So How Do Animals Change? • The population changes because the better fitted ones pass down their traits more than other ones.

  14. Endangered Species • Endangered species are animal groups that are about to be extinct.

  15. How do animals become endangered? • Their habitat gets smaller. • Their habitat gets polluted. • People hunt them. • They have to compete with new species.

  16. How can we help? • Don’t cut down trees. • 3R’s: Reduce, Reuse, Recycle • Prevent illegal hunting.

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