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Chapter 11- The Civil War

Chapter 11- The Civil War. African Americans and the War. The Push towards Emancipation. Lincoln feels pressure to address slavery issue Slavery unpopular in Europe Main reason why GB won’t support Confederacy. Enslaved African Americans seek refuge. Union army encounters runaway slaves

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Chapter 11- The Civil War

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  1. Chapter 11- The Civil War African Americans and the War

  2. The Push towards Emancipation • Lincoln feels pressure to address slavery issue • Slavery unpopular in Europe • Main reason why GB won’t support Confederacy

  3. Enslaved African Americans seek refuge • Union army encounters runaway slaves • Gen Butler puts them to work in manual labor camps • Declared as contraband

  4. Lincoln’s Plan • Begins initial work on emancipation plan in secret • For African Americans in the South • Wait for a Union victory to announce it

  5. Antietam • Sept. 1862- Lee leads troops to MD • Victory in the North might gain European support • Gain supplies for hungry army

  6. Antietam • Sharpsburg, MD • McClellan’s troops spread out near Antietam Creek • Sept. 17- Union attacks Confederates in 3 phases

  7. Antietam • 23,000 soldiers (both sides) dead or wounded • Single bloodiest day of the Civil War • Union lost more, but Lincoln moves forward with emancipation

  8. Casualties at Antietam

  9. Emancipation At Last • Sept. 22, 1862- Emancipation Proclamation • Freed all enslaved people in South after Jan. 1, 1863 • Does not apply to Union controlled and border states

  10. Reaction to Proclamation • Some Northerners were excited • Other felt it did not go far enough • Rep.-Used in areas that US did not control • Dem.- too drastic a step to take

  11. Reaction to Proclamation • Did not free a single slave • The war is now about slavery • Any desire to end the war dies for white southerners

  12. African Americans Join the Fight • Eager to join the Army • Need for soldiers even before E.P. • Lincoln repeals ban on AA soldiers • Militia Act- black soldiers allowed in military

  13. African Americans Join the Fight • AA’s now actively recruited to join Army • 54 Mass. Regiment- all black soldiers, white commanding officers • Confederacy considered drafting blacks, did not go through with it

  14. African Americans Join the Fight • Usually assigned non-combat tasks • Cooking, cleaning, digging latrines • 3 year battle to win equal pay • Would be killed if captured

  15. Enslaved People Help the Union • Slaves left in charge of plantations would produce food for Union Army • Served as spies of scouts • Demanded wages for work in some places • Fled to the North/West Union camps

  16. Homework • Read Section 3- “Life During the War” on pages 373-378 • Answer questions 1,4,5, and 6 on page 378

  17. Exit Slip • Do you think that Lincoln’s decision to free the slaves and use them in the war was just another way to exploit them? Why or why not?

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