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The Protection of Children Online

The Protection of Children Online. ITU Council WG on Child Online Protection 7 October 2011 Laurent Bernat laurent.bernat@oecd.org. OECD Mission. Promote policies that will improve the economic and social well-being of people around the world.

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The Protection of Children Online

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  1. The Protection of Children Online ITU Council WG on Child Online Protection 7 October 2011 Laurent Bernat laurent.bernat@oecd.org

  2. OECD Mission • Promote policies that will improve the economic and social well-being of people around the world. • Forum, place for dialogue and sharing of experience • Seeking solutions to common problems • Measure, compare, analyse data • Understand economic and social changes • Help governments to develop better policies in many areas

  3. OECD Structure Council … ICCP … Information, Computer & Communications Policy WPISP WPIE WPCISP WPIIS Information Security and Privacy Communication Infrastructures and Services Policy InformationEconomy Indicators for the Information Society

  4. WP on Information Security & Privacy • 1980 Guidelines for the Protection of Privacy • Cross-Border Co-operation for Enforcement of Privacy Laws • The value of personal data (current) • 2002 Guidelines for the Security of Information Systems and Networks: Towards a Culture of Security • E-authentication, Digital Identity Management • Policies for the Protection of Critical Information Infrastructures • Malware • Cybersecurity Strategies (current) • ISPs and Botnets (current) • Cloud Computing (current) • Other: RFID, Spam, Cryptography Policy, etc.

  5. Global Partners Candidate to accession (and observer): Russia Observers India, South Africa, Egypt, Latvia, Singapore Council of Europe International Conference of Data Protection & Privacy Commissioners Strong co-operation with APEC Stakeholders Business and Industry (BIAC) Civil Society (CSISAC) Internet Technical Community (ITAC)Trade Union Advisory Committee (TUAC) • 34 member countries • AustraliaAustria Belgium Canada Czech Republic ChileDenmark Estonia Finland France Germany Greece Hungary Iceland Ireland IsraelItaly Japan • Japan KoreaLuxembourgMexicoNetherlandsNew ZealandNorwayPolandPortugalSlovak republicSloveniaSpainSwedenSwitzerlandTurkeyUnited KingdomUnited States • + European Union

  6. Seoul Ministerial Meeting • June 2008 – 40 Ministers • Declaration on « The Future of the Internet Economy » calls for • A collaborative effort by governments, the private sector, civil society and the Internet technical community to build a common understanding of the impact of the Internet on minors and to enhance their protection and support when using the Internet. • Increased cross-border co-operation on the protection of minors by governments and enforcement authorities

  7. Overview of the work • Seoul Ministerial Declaration • 2009 APEC – OECD Symposium (Singapore) • 2010 - 2011 Report on « The protection of children online: risks faced by children online and policies to protect them » • www.oecd-ilibrary.org/science-and-technology/the-protection-of-children-online_5kgcjf71pl28-en • 2011 – Draft Council Recommendation

  8. Scope • Very rich area • Scope • Includes children (minors) as users of the Internet • Does not include offline risks, child sexual abuse • Snapshot of an evolving landscape

  9. Overview • Report • Data • Risks • Policies • Draft Recommendation

  10. Children & the Internet • Internet access is on the rise for children • US home Internet access for 8-18: 47% in 1999 to 84% in 2009 • EU teenagers using Internet: 70% in 2005, 75% in 2008 • A high percentage of older children have Internet access • Teenagers with access to the Internet : 99% in UK, 93% in US, >90% in Japan, 75% average in EU

  11. Children & the Internet • Internet use increases with age Children's Internet use by age in the European Union Source: Eurobarometer

  12. Children & the Internet • Children start to use the Internet younger • Children’s first use of the Internet: 13 in 2000 to 4 in 2009 (Sweden) • Children spend more time on the Internet than before • UK: 7.1 h/week in 2005, 13.8h/week in 2007 • Children use the Internet mostly at home

  13. Children have a multitude of online activities Children’s use of the Internet by age group in the United Kingdom (2007) Source: Ofcom, 2007, p. 19.

  14. Devices to access the Internet are diversifying Percentage of children owning a mobile phone with Internet access in Japan and the EU , 2008 Source: Japanese delegation to the OECD and Eurobarometer 2008 (EU27).

  15. Risks

  16. About data on risks • A large quantity of data is available. • Ex :441 European studies • The number of studies varies across countries and regions • The availability varies depending on the risk

  17. About data on risks • Studies become obsolete rapidly • Few recurrent studies • Researches focus on teenagers • Mobile Internet not considered • Comparability is a challenge • No consensus on the definition of risks • Age groups are not standard

  18. Policies • Multilayered

  19. Policies • Multistakeholder • Governments and public authorities • Children • Parents and caregivers • Educators and public institutions • Private sector

  20. Policies • Multi-level • National and International level • APEC, Council of Europe, ITU, IGF, OECD, UNICEF • Policy and operational • E.g. INHOPE, INSAFE

  21. Managing Policy Complexity • Co-ordination within the government, with stakeholders, at international level • To promote mutually reinforcing policy measures • To increase visibility of actions • By identifying leadership within the government • Through inclusive and sustainable platforms for information exchange and co-ordination • Consistency • Consolidating definitions and instruments • Maximising protection, preserving benefits • With economic and social dimensions of the Internet, including fundamental values • Objective : Mutually reinforcing policy action

  22. Measurement • Measurement of risks • Input for evidence-based policy/ national priority setting • Systematic and quantitative data surveys • Harmonisation of methodologies and definitions (national/ international level) • Policy impact assessments • Enhancing the precision of policy making • Come to terms with conflicting policy objective • Performance evaluation • Public/ private sector initiatives

  23. Draft Recommendation • Broad scope, all risk categories: General approach rather than risk-specific • Includes all stakeholders • Two facets: making the Internet more secure, empowering children • Shared responsibility, primary role of parents

  24. Draft Recommendation • Proportionality & fundamental values • Maximising protection without limiting benefits • Protecting without disrupting openess • Fundamental values • Flexibility: age appropriateness, technology neutrality) • Policy mix • Foster public-private dialogue • International co-operation

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