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US Nationalism

US Nationalism. US History. What is nationalism?. Pair-share (2 minutes) What does it mean? What are examples of nationalistic behavior?. Along with sectionalism, nationalism. After 1812, Americans had strong national pride.

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US Nationalism

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  1. US Nationalism US History

  2. What is nationalism? • Pair-share (2 minutes) • What does it mean? • What are examples of nationalistic behavior?

  3. Along with sectionalism, nationalism • After 1812, Americans had strong national pride. • Yes, people started to consider themselves “northerners,” “southerners.” • BUT pride in being American persisted among all US citizens.

  4. American system • Even as different economies grew up in N & S, President Madison presented a plan for unifying the country. • He wanted • to unite the different regions. • to create a strong stable economy to make the country self-sufficient. • A 3-point plan for Congress….

  5. “American System” • Develop transportation systems. • Establish protective tariffs • Resurrect the national bank • Under Washington, it started. • Under Jefferson, it was demoted.

  6. “American System” • Plan was recognized all around as promising. • Even critics, like Henry Clay (the Speaker of the House) promoted it. • Clay: It will unite the country, because each part of the country has a role: • North: makes industrial goods; South and West buys them. • South and West: cotton, grain, and meat • One stable currency will be used everywhere. • Transportation system ties everything together. • US can finally be free of European economic strings.

  7. National Power boosted by Supreme Court • Series of court cases gave national govt more power over state govt. • Gibbons vs. Ogden (1824): only the federal govt can regulate interstate commerce. • McCulloch vs. Maryland (1819): a state cannot tax the federal “Bank of the US”

  8. National Power boosted by Supreme Court • Fletcher vs. Park (1810): Georgia law overturned; it violated Constitutional right to enter into contracts. • Dartmouth College v. Woodward (1819): a state cannot interfere with contracts.

  9. Nationalism in Foreign Policy • Monroe Doctrine (1823) • But also other “John Quincy Adams” treaties: • Rush-Bagot (1817): US and Canada demilitarize their common border. • Convention of 1818: • US northern border fixed at 49th parallel up to the Rockies • for 10 years Britain and US will jointly occupy Oregon Territory

  10. Nationalism in Foreign Policy • Adams-Onis Treaty (1819): • Spain--too weak to defend its territories in the New World--ceded Florida to US AND • Gave up claims to the Oregon Territory.

  11. Nationalism in the West • Americans streamed into Northwest Territory • NW Territory? Present-day… • …Ohio • …Indiana • …Illinois • …Wisconsin • …Michigan

  12. Why move West? • A new life starting over: escaping debts, avoid the law. • Mostly wealth: cheap, fertile, abundant land. • Social gains: easy to change occupations; in many places, no restrictions by race

  13. Missouri Compromise • Territory to State process: • Once the territory reaches 60,000 people, they can apply for statehood: • You need to: • petition the Union for admission. • draft a state constitution. • elect representatives. • But in Missouri territory, nationalist spirit came up against slavery…

  14. Missouri Compromise • 1818 US had 10 free and 10 slave states. • Illinois entered US as 11th free state. • Southerners expected Missouri to balance as 11th slave state. • BUT a New York State Congressman (James Tallmadge) got the House of Reps to change Missouri’s statehood bill. • Missouri had to free its slaves!

  15. Missouri Compromise • In the Senate, southerners blocked the House’s bill. • Meanwhile, Alabama came into the Union as the 11th slave state instead. • Now, where would Missouri enter?

  16. Accusations • Southerners: “Northerners want to get rid of slavery.” • Northerners: “Southerners are trying to spread slavery to new territories.” • Tension was high: already civil war was mentioned as a possibility.

  17. Solution? • Henry Clay (House Speaker) came up with temporary solution: • Missouri Compromise: series of agreements to resolve crisis. • 1. Maine came in as free; Missouri came in as slave

  18. Solution? • 2. Rest of Louisiana Territory was divided north and south at 36 30 latitude. • South of line: slavery legal • North of line (except Missouri): slavery banned. • Monroe signed the Missouri Compromise in 1820. • The issue was postponed…

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