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David L. Hussey, Ph.D. Associate Professor Institute for the Study and Prevention of Violence

Cuyahoga County Strengthening Communities – Youth (SCY) Project: Findings & Implications for Juvenile Justice. David L. Hussey, Ph.D. Associate Professor Institute for the Study and Prevention of Violence Kent State University. Strengthening Communities – Youth (SCY).

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David L. Hussey, Ph.D. Associate Professor Institute for the Study and Prevention of Violence

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  1. Cuyahoga County Strengthening Communities – Youth (SCY) Project: Findings & Implications for Juvenile Justice David L. Hussey, Ph.D. Associate Professor Institute for the Study and Prevention of Violence Kent State University

  2. Strengthening Communities – Youth (SCY) • The SCY project (2002-2007, CSAT 3.75 million dollars) served youth between the ages of 12 and 17 who arrive at the Cuyahoga County Detention Center as a result of a new arrest • Youth are screened for substance use by a representative from the Public Defender’s office/Juvenile Division and referred to Catholic Counseling Services for further assessment using the Global Appraisal of Individual Needs (GAIN) • Clinical recommendations will be presented to court prior to disposition • Once assessed, youth are referred to an appropriate level of care for substance abuse treatment and followed at 3, 6, and 12 months

  3. Demographics • 82% male • 53% African-American, 29% Caucasian, 6% Hispanic/Latino, 11% biracial/mixed, 1% other • Average age=15.7 years (range=12-18) • At least 64% are Medicaid eligible • About half (54%) live in the city of Cleveland • 84% 12-month follow-up rate for study

  4. GAIN Mental Health Indices

  5. Lifetime Charges (JIMS Data) • SCY youth were, on average, 14.41 years old at the time of their first charge • Total charges=2,571 (N=227) • On average, SCY youth had been charged with 10.19 (SD=7.30, median=9) offenses (excluding traffic) • Misdemeanors accounted for the largest proportion of charges (40%), followed by felonies (30%), traffic offenses (11%), probation violations (10%) and status offenses (9%)

  6. Domestic Violence Charges • 43% of youth had at least one domestic violence charge • 41% had at least one adjudicated domestic violence charge • Of the total adjudicated domestic violence charges, 90% were misdemeanor level and 10% were felony level • A higher proportion of females than males had adjudicated domestic violence charges

  7. Environmental Risk (GAIN-I)

  8. General Victimization Scale (GAIN-I) • On average, youth reported the first time they were victimized they were 11 years old • Significantly more females than males report sexual victimization and emotional abuse at the hands of someone close to them or that they trusted • Significantly more males than females report being attacked with a weapon

  9. Child Welfare Involvement (CPS data) • The majority of SCY youth (69%) had at least one allegation of any type of maltreatment (neglect, physical abuse, sexual abuse, emotional maltreatment) • Almost half (47%) of youth had a substantiated or indicated maltreatment incident in their lifetime • On average, SCY youth were 7.7 years old at the time of first maltreatment allegation • 24% of SCY youth had experienced at least one out-of-home placement (OHP) in their lifetime • On average, youth who had experienced any OHP had 3 out-of-home placements (median=2) • Most commonly, placement was in foster/adoptive homes or community residential centers

  10. Victimization • 64% of youth report some type of victimization on the GAIN • 47% of youth had a substantiated/ indicated incident of maltreatment • If considered together, 80% of all SCY youth have a history of some type of victimization

  11. Youth Cross-System Involvement • Juvenile Justice, Alcohol and Drug, Mental Health, Special Education, Child Protective Services (CPS) • 12% of youth were involved with only the juvenile justice and alcohol and drug systems • 88% were involved in at least one other system • 32% involved in 3 systems, 40% involved in 4 systems, 15% involved in all five systems

  12. Youth Cross–System Involvement

  13. Discussion & Implications • For juvenile justice youth, mental health, substance abuse, comorbidity, violence, victimization, delinquency, and lifetime cross-system involvement rates very high, strongly interconnected, and closely related to identification, assessment, intervention, and outcomes • Emerging gender differences impact assessment and treatment • High levels of domestic violence and environmental risk present contextual challenges in practice

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