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Energy

Energy. Ball Bounce ADI. When you drop a ball… it bounces. Why is the bounce height lower than the drop height? Before you dropped it, you put energy into the ball. As it drops and bounces, some of that energy is transferred into other objects and converted to different forms.

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Energy

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  1. Energy

  2. Ball Bounce ADI • When you drop a ball… • it bounces. • Why is the bounce height lower than the drop height? • Before you dropped it, you put energy into the ball. • As it drops and bounces, some of that energy is transferred into other objects and converted to different forms.

  3. What is Energy • Energy is the ability to do work or cause change. • “Work”? • One definition for work is “the transfer of energy”. • When one object does work on another, energy is transferred to that object. • Energy is measured in Joules (J) • Just like work! • There are several types of energy

  4. Thermal Energy • Total energy of the particles in an object • Temperature – average kinetic energy of the molecules (how fast they are moving).

  5. Chemical Energy • Energy stored in chemical bonds • Energy is released when bonds are broken • Food: Energy is stored in the chemical bonds of the food molecules. When you eat, your body breaks those chemical bonds. Energy is released that your body uses to perform its functions!

  6. Electrical Energy • Energy carried by moving electrons • Batteries • Power Lines • Lightning

  7. Nuclear Energy • Stored in the nucleus of an atom, released during nuclear reaction • Fission – splitting atoms (or blasting them apart!) • Fusion – joining atoms together

  8. Energy Carried by Waves • Wave: a disturbance that transfers energy from one place to another without transferring matter • Sound Energy • Radiant Energy

  9. Sound Energy • Energy carried by sound waves • Energy causes particles to bump into one another, transferring the energy in a sound wave • There can be no sound without particles…

  10. Radiant Energy • Energy that travels as electromagnetic waves • Visible Light • Radio Waves, Microwaves, etc…

  11. Mechanical Energy • Energy associated with the motion or position of an object • 2 types • Kinetic – motion • Potential - stored

  12. What Happens to Energy? • If you set a pendulum in motion, will it continue to swing forever? • No • Is the original energy lost? • No • The energy is simply converted to other forms

  13. Law of Conservation of Energy • Energy cannot be created or destroyed, only converted from one form to another. • The total amount of energy is the same before and after any process!!! • So what causes the pendulum to stop?

  14. Energy Conversions • Each time, the maximum height is lower and lower • Friction between pendulum and air particles • Friction causes heat • Eventually, the pendulum stops.

  15. Energy Conversions • So…how does this relate back to the ball bounce ADI? 1- You gave the ball gravitational potential energy. 2- The GPE converted to kinetic energy as it fell. The friction between the ball and the air converted some of the KE to thermal energy. 4- Some of the KE was converted to sound when the ball hit the ground and heat (friction) as it compressed (elastic PE) before bouncing. 5- As the ball rose again after bouncing, more KE was converted to heat due to friction. 6- The ball has less total energy (GPE) at its bounce height than it did at the drop height. Was the energy lost???

  16. Energy Conversions PE Electrical KE KE

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