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Understanding the U.S. Senate: Qualifications, Election, and Leadership Structure

The U.S. Senate plays a crucial role in the legislative branch of government. To become a Senator, one must be at least 30 years old, a U.S. citizen for at least 9 years, and a resident of the state represented. Senators serve six-year terms with no limit on the number of terms. Each state has two Senators, making a total of 100. The Senate is led by the Vice President as President of the Senate, with a President Pro Tempore and Majority/Minority Leaders. Key positions include current Senators Lamar Alexander and Bob Corker from Tennessee.

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Understanding the U.S. Senate: Qualifications, Election, and Leadership Structure

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  1. The Legislative Branch The Senate

  2. Qualifications (Senate) • Must be at least 30 years of age • Must be a citizen of the United States for at least 9 years • Must be a resident of the state that he/she represents

  3. Election and Term of Office (Senate) • 1/3 of the Senate is elected every two years. • Every Senator serves a six year term. • The Constitution does not limit the number of terms that a Senator may serve.

  4. Senate Representation • Each state has equal representation in the Senate. • There are 100 Senators, so each state has 2 Senators.

  5. Tennessee’s Senators • Lamar Alexander (Republican) and Bob Corker (Republican) are the two Senators from Tennessee.

  6. Senate Leadership • The Constitution makes the Vice-President of the United States the President of the Senate. • Vice-President Joe Biden is the President of the Senate. • The only time that the Vice-President has a vote is in order to break a tie.

  7. Vice-President Biden

  8. The President Pro Tempore • The Constitution provides for the position of President Pro Tempore. • This is for when the Vice-President is absent from the Senate. • Traditionally, the majority party in the Senate selects their longest serving member to be the President Pro Tempore.

  9. The President Pro Tempore of the Senate • Senator Daniel Inouye (Democrat) from Hawaii is the current President Pro Tempore of the Senate.

  10. Senate Majority and Minority Leaders • The job of the Senate Majority and Minority Leaders is the same as their counterparts in the House of Representatives.

  11. Senate Majority Leader • Senator Harry Reid (Democrat) from Nevada is the Senate Majority Leader.

  12. Senate Minority Leader • Senator Mitch McConnell (Republican) from Kentucky is the Senate Minority Leader.

  13. Party Whips • The job of the Senate Majority and Minority Whips is the same as their counterparts in the House of Representatives.

  14. Senate Majority Whip • Senator Dick Durbin (Democrat) from Illinois is the Senate Majority Whip.

  15. Senate Minority Whip • Senator John Kyl (Republican) from Arizona is the Senate Minority Whip.

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