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Food Security and Local Food Systems

Food Security and Local Food Systems. Climate Change Leadership 19/3 2012 Center for Sustaianable Development (CSD) Caroline Loohufvud , Human Geographer, Urban and Rural Farmer. What is the problem?. A food system dependent of fossil fuels.

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Food Security and Local Food Systems

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  1. Food Security and Local Food Systems Climate Change Leadership 19/3 2012 Center for Sustaianable Development (CSD) Caroline Loohufvud, Human Geographer, Urban and Rural Farmer

  2. What is the problem?

  3. A food system dependent of fossil fuels  Global GHG emissions among other problems… (almost all energyused in farming is fossil) • Agricultural emissions , produced on farms: 11-15 % of GHG • Land-usechange, deforestationetc: 15-18 % of GHG • Processing, packaging, transportationetc: 15-20 % of GHG • Wastage: 2-4 % of GHG • IN TOTAL Global food system: 44-57 % of GHG (Food and Climate Change: The Forgotten Link, Grain 2011) • Production of chemicalfertilisers 40 % • Tilling/Ploughing 30 % • Harvesting 20 % • (Edens lustgård tur och retur – framtidsvägar till ett hållbart naturbruk, KSLA, 2008)

  4. Today (Sweden) • 50 % of food is imported • 80 % of fodder is imported • 93 % of the land is farmed with chemical pesticides & fertilizers

  5. How did we get here • Access to cheap energy • Increased mechanization & technical development • Chemical pesticides & fertilizers • Industrialization & ‘rationalizations’ • Development of refrigerators & freezers • Increased road infrastructure to manage transportation • The evolution of big cities • Weakened interconnectedness with nature, push for low price food

  6. Global challengesPopulation growthWe are expected to be 8 billion in 2030, 9 billion in 2050 UrbanizationToday 1/2 live in cities, 2050 2/3 willOveruse of planetaryresourcesPhosphorusa.o.Climate changeEnergy scarcity; peak-oil, -coal & -gas

  7. Tomorrow? Energy crisis Climate changes Food scarcity Transition Towns • More local production & consumption • More cooperations & small companies

  8. Solutions and ways forward • Small scale & labour intense organic farming • Agro-ecology Diversified cropping systems Incorporation of perennials: trees, bushes, wild vegetation etc Reintegration of crop and animal production Nutrient recirculation • Seasonal diet • Self-sufficency of greens Urban Agriculture & Gardening Foraging Preserving • Local markets and cooperatives • Cookalong parties & Growalong networks Food sovereignty & security

  9. The potential of UA • Closer relationship between production & consumption Less wastage None or short transports Fresh nutritious food Food security/food sovereignty • Smaller scale Effective land use Effective recycling of organic waste Biological diversity & resilience CO 2 sink More transparent food system,open to public control Social coherence & sustainable lifestyles Job opportunities

  10. Swedish gardens, 300 000 hectares vegan diet for 4 millions of people mixed diet for 10 millions of people if vegetables are completed with animalic protein. For example there are in Sweden 400 000 hectares of non-used land that could procuce as much meat as Sweden now imports (120 000 tons/year)

  11. Growing Power - A Model for Urban Agriculture http://youtu.be/vs7BG4lH3m4 3,03 Growing Power.mov http://youtu.be/ozvrp_uTH98 2,54 Urban Initiatives, Urban Farming Movement in Detroit http://youtu.be/xzoxjWdg-4c 12,16 (5->)

  12. Questions for future climate leaders Can a true environmentalist eat meat? Can a true environmentalist be vegan? Can a true environmentalist drink alcohol? Use make up? Fly airplane? Reproduce agriculture? Save civilization? Have children? If so, how many? Should food self-sufficiency be a goal for a region or country? Is trade in food acceptable? If so, how much? Do more people in society need to work with food production? How much potential is there for urban agriculture?

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