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The US Constitution

The US Constitution . Chapter 8. Goals of the Preamble. To form a more perfect Union Framers wanted a unified nation E Pluribus Unum To establish justice Unified legal system applied fairly to all . Goals of the Preamble. To insure domestic tranquility Peace and order at home

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The US Constitution

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  1. The US Constitution Chapter 8

  2. Goals of the Preamble • To form a more perfect Union • Framers wanted a unified nation • E Pluribus Unum • To establish justice • Unified legal system applied fairly to all

  3. Goals of the Preamble • To insure domestic tranquility • Peace and order at home • National Guard’s help after a disaster • To provide for the common defense • Power to raise armies and navies • Military under civilian control

  4. Goals of the Preamble • To promote the general welfare • Well-being of all citizens • To secure the blessings of liberty • Many have fought and died for liberty • Amendments have extended liberty

  5. Goals of the Preamble • To form a more perfect Union • To establish justice • To insure domestic tranquility • To provide for the common defense • To promote the general welfare • To secure the blessings of liberty

  6. Preamble to the US Constitution • We the people of the United States, • in order to form a more perfect union, • establish justice, • insure domestic tranquility, • provide for the common defense, • promote the general welfare, • and secure the blessings of liberty to ourselves and our posterity, • do ordain and establish this Constitution for the United States of America.

  7. Articles (Body) of the Constitution • Articles I-III-Branches of government • Article IV-Relations among the states • Article V-Amending the Constitution • Article VI-National Supremacy • Article VII-Ratification

  8. Amendments • The first 10 were added in 1791 • Since 1791, 17 more have been added • Bill of Rights 10+17=27 total amendments

  9. 7 Principles of the Constitution • @Popular Sovereignty-government gets its power from the people • @Limited Government- government has only the powers that the Constitution gives it • @Separation of Powers- government is divided into three branches to limit government’s power

  10. 7 Principles continued • @Checks and Balances- each branch can check, or limit, the other branches’ actions • @Federalism-division of power between the federal government and the states

  11. 7 Principles continued • @Republicanism-citizens elect representatives to take care of the government’s business • @Individual Rights-citizens’ rights are protected under the Constitution (Bill of Rights)

  12. Legislative Branch-Senator • Requirements • 30 years old or older • Citizen of the US for at least 9 years • Resident of state in which elected •  6 year terms •  100 Senators total

  13. Legislative Branch-Representative • Requirements • 25 years old or older • Citizen of the US for at least 7 years • Resident of the state in which elected •  2 year terms •  435 Representatives

  14. Executive Branch-Pres. And VP • Requirements • 35 years old or older • Natural-born citizen • Resident of the US for 14 years •  4 year terms •  1 team

  15. Judicial Branch-Supreme Court • Requirements • No Constitutional requirements • Lifetime appointment • 9 total Supreme Court Justices

  16. Legislative Branch-Powers • MOST IMPORTANT IS TO make the nations laws • Collect taxes • Borrow money • Coin money • Declare war • Elastic Clause-Congress can make all laws that are necessary and proper

  17. Legislative Branch-Checks on Ex. Branch • Can override President’s veto • Confirms executive appointments • Ratifies treaties • Can declare war • Appropriates money • Can impeach and remove the President

  18. Legislative Branch-Checks on Jud. Branch • Creates lower courts • Can impeach and remove judges • Can propose amendments to overrule judicial decisions • Approves appointments of federal judges

  19. Executive Branch-Powers • Carries out the nations laws • Directs foreign policy • Is Commander in Chief of the Armed Forces • Can make treaties and appoint ambassadors • Can grant pardons and call special sessions of Congress

  20. Executive Branch-Checks on Leg. Branch • Can propose laws • Can veto laws • Can call special sessions of Congress • Makes appointments • Negotiates foreign treaties

  21. Executive Branch-Checks on Jud. Branch • Appoints federal judges • Can grant pardons to federal offenders

  22. Judicial Branch-Powers • Greatest power is to decide what the Constitution means

  23. Judicial Branch-Checks on Ex. Branch • Can declare executive actions unconstitutional

  24. Judicial Branch-Checks on Leg. Branch • Can declare acts of Congress unconstitutional

  25. Bill of Rights • First Amendment- protects basic individual liberties such as religion, speech, press, assembly and petition • Second Amendment-right to bear arms • Third Amendment-citizens cannot be forced to house troops • Fourth Amendment-guards against unlawful searches and seizures

  26. Bill of Rights • Fifth Amendment-citizens cannot be forced to incriminate themselves • Sixth Amendment-right to speedy trial by jury • Seventh Amendment-right to jury trial in civil cases • Eighth Amendment-bans excessive bail and punishment

  27. Bill of Rights • Ninth Amendment-citizens’ rights are not limited to the ones listed in the Bill of Rights • Tenth Amendment-all powers not given to the federal government are reserved for the people (states)

  28. Later Amendments • After the Bill of Rights, only 17 more amendments have been added to the Constitution • Civil War Amendments-expanded rights for African Americans • Nineteenth Amendment- guaranteed women the right to vote • Twenty-sixth Amendment-lowered the voting age from 21 to 18

  29. State and Local Governments

  30. US Citizenship • Requirements for US citizenship • Born in the US or at least one parent is US citizen OR • Naturalized-legal process for becoming a US citizen OR • 18 or younger when your parents were naturalized

  31. Steps of the Naturalization Process • Immigrant • Resident alien • Five year waiting period • Apply for citizenship • Complete an exam • Show “good moral character” • Interview • Take an Oath of Allegiance

  32. Rights and Responsibilities • Equal rights under the law • Not based on wealth or family • With these rights comes responsibilities • Freedom is not free

  33. Virtue and Values • Patriotism-feeling of love and devotion to the US • Respect-for ourselves, others, property, and laws • Responsibilities and consequences • Courage-physical or moral courage

  34. Responsibilities • Voting-know the candidates and issues • Obey the Laws-know and follow the law • Defend the Nation-register for draft or volunteer to serve • Serve on Juries-take time to decide others fate • Serve the Community-volunteer, donate blood, give money and supplies • Be Informed-read the news and pay attention in class

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