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Metal Organic Frameworks. Jeffry Breitbach. Background. Problems with “Global Warming” (Climate changes, rising sea levels, decreased snow cover, etc.) Intensity of Global Warming measured by “ Radiative Forcing”, with CO2 having the highest.
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Metal Organic Frameworks Jeffry Breitbach
Background • Problems with “Global Warming” (Climate changes, rising sea levels, decreased snow cover, etc.) • Intensity of Global Warming measured by “Radiative Forcing”, with CO2 having the highest. • Radiative forcing is defined as the difference between radiant energy received by the earth and energy re-radiated to space. • The issue of global warming resulting from increased atmospheric concentrations of CO2 is arguably the most important environmental challenge facing the world today. • Thus the efficient capture and storage of gaseous CO2 is a pressing topic.
background • Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs) are crystalline compounds consisting of metal ions or clusters coordinated to often rigid organic molecules. • MOFs can be used for the storage and release of gases such as hydrogen and carbon dioxide. • The vast majority of MOFs are fabricated from nonrenewable materials in harmful solvents. • This poses a problem in that it is made from crude oil and often incorporate toxic heavy metals. • Some MOFs are made with non toxic and renewable materials allowing for a more “green” method of capturing CO2 , and in the case of my experiment can even be edible. • MOFs present possible future applications in fuels and to alleviate greenhouse gas concentrations to help solve global warming issues.
goal • To produce a Metal Organic Framework from renewable resources that shows efficient methods of capturing CO2.
Methods & materials • Materials: • γ- cyclodextrin (Beta- cyclodextrin) • Potassium Benzoate • Water • High Proof Ethanol
Methods & materials • Methods: • Methyl Red indicator color changes (yellow to red). • Infrared Spectroscopy
During January term • 1 week vs. 2 weeks • Started running experiments on 1 week. • Vacuum filtered • Dried • Obtained mass • Ran IR • Immersed in 1 mM Methyl Red-Dichloromethane solution • Removed from CH2Cl2 and dried • Ran IR • Carbon Dioxide treatment using Sodium Bicarbonate and Hydrochloric acid. • Ran IR
Hypothesis • Hypothesis: I hypothesized that the 2 week experiment will have a higher yield while making the same product.
Results • 1 week: • 95% Deionized: 0.65 grams • 2 week: • 95% Distilled: 0.96 grams • 95% Tap: 0.66 grams • 95%10mL: 1.37 grams • 100% Deionized: 1.25 grams • 100% Distilled: 1.25 grams • 100% Tap: 1.25 grams • Beta: 0.19 grams • 10mL Ethanol: 0.82 grams
Carbon dioxide treatment • Carbon Dioxide treatment explanation: • Flask with side arm • Cork with hole • Separatory funnel • Hose Future will try using dry ice or possibly even CO2 tank.
Results • IR were the same in all crystals using gamma-cyclodextrin regardless of type of water or time allowed to grow. • Beta very similar just small discrepancies in IR. • IR were same before and after 1mM Methyl Red treatment. • All gamma crystals were yellow after Methyl Red treatment. Beta was red?
Interesting findings • Small peak appeared in 2400 region of IR after CO2 treatment. • CO2?
Results • Gamma crystals yellow before CO2 treatment and orange-red after treatment. • Back to yellow when CO2 concentration decreases. (20-30 minutes uncapped)
Problems/Goals • Weak readings in the 2400 region. • Question: Is it possible that the CO2 is being released by the pressure that the IR places on it? • Not enough time during January to find out more about this 2400 region peak that we are interested in. • Project remains open for me to move forward with it. • Goals: Now that I have a good idea that there is CO2 being taken up by the crystals I would like to find the best way to incorporate more CO2 and obtain stronger readings in this region(2400).
