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The Evolution of Australia's Political Independence and Its Contemporary Landscape

This presentation by Katharina Harnisch explores the journey of Australia from its colonial roots to becoming an independent nation. It highlights the absence of a formal "declaration of independence," illustrating how independence was a gradual process influenced by immigration and the establishment of national institutions. The 1901 Federation marked a significant milestone, as did the 1986 Australian Act, which granted self-governance. Despite aspirations for a republic, the 1999 referendum reaffirmed the monarchy. This analysis covers the key political groups, compulsory voting, and Australia's ongoing ties with Britain and Asia.

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The Evolution of Australia's Political Independence and Its Contemporary Landscape

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  1. Politics of Australia A Presentation from Katharina Harnisch

  2. - Australia never had a „declaration of independence“ - it was a process that Australia got its independence - immigration dressed the way to become a nation - from “nation to independence“ - all Australian institutions are based on those of Britain In general

  3. - Britain had the control on foreign affairs, advocacy and external trade - in 1898 the colonies planned a federation of the Australian states - Republicans flourished in 1890s: many Australians wanted a republic (ARM = Australian Republican Movement started)‏ - 1. Jan. 1901: Commonwealth of Australia (= federation of the states)‏ Short review

  4. - 1986: Australian Act = Australia got the rights for self-government by Britain - queen backed the „republic of Australia“ (royal seal of approval)‏ - republicans against conservatives - 1999: Australia voted with 55% for the monarchy

  5. - federal constitutional monarchy - top of the constitutional system: Queen of England - on federal level: bicameral system: Senate, House of representatives Today

  6. Legislature: Government Departments Commonwealth Parliament: According to the constitution of Australia • executive: federal executive power = Governour-General, government Departments • judiciary: High court of Australia and other federal courts

  7. - every state has its own parliament (largely own legislation) - party with majority support forms government and its leader becomes Prime Minister - Prime Minister: head of government, receives commission by the General Governour

  8. Other informations - major political groups: Australian Labor Party, opposition: Liberal Party + National Party - others are: the Greens, Australian Democrats - Voting is compulsory - ARM is still active today

  9. political ties with Britain are still very strong: - Australia and Britain are members of the „Commonwealth of Nations“ - Australia is influenced by british culture - a long trade relationship; still today - Britain: largest investor in Australian manufacturing industry (means: many jobs)‏ - Defence relationship Australia and Britain

  10. - long history of engagement - relationship has many aspects: politic, economic, social,culture, military, security - Asia takes over 50% of Australia´s exports - Asialink and AustralAsiaCenter Australia and Asia

  11. Information source: http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australien#Weg_zur_Nation http://www.petra.ac.id/asc/int_relations/australia_asia/ http://www.petra.ac.id/asc/int_relations/australia_europe/australia_britain/ http://www.nmun-berlin.de/index.php?id=230 Australia I The New Summit

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